{"id":27161,"date":"2024-05-12T18:05:04","date_gmt":"2024-05-12T15:05:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=27161"},"modified":"2026-07-18T13:54:14","modified_gmt":"2026-07-18T10:54:14","slug":"buying-leasing-real-estate-embassies-turkiye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/buying-leasing-real-estate-embassies-turkiye\/","title":{"rendered":"Buying &#8211; Leasing Real Estate by Embassies in T\u00fcrkiye"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"xgfogq\" data-start=\"177\" data-end=\"195\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">1. Introduction<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"565\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Embassies, consulates and international organisations operating in T\u00fcrkiye may need to purchase or lease real estate for a wide range of official and residential purposes. These properties may serve as a chancery, consular office, ambassador\u2019s residence, diplomatic staff housing, cultural centre, trade office, archive, storage facility or other operational premises.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A diplomatic property transaction is not, however, an ordinary commercial purchase or lease. It lies at the intersection of Turkish property law, contract law, planning and construction rules, taxation, diplomatic privileges, security requirements and public international law.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"565\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The identity of the acquiring or leasing institution, the intended use of the premises, the location of the property and the applicable principle of reciprocity may all affect the procedure. Transactions involving international organisations may additionally be governed by constituent treaties or host country agreements. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Most importantly, foreign missions must involve the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs before completing a purchase, lease, sale, renovation, expansion or change-of-use transaction. Proceeding without the required notification and approval may expose the mission to substantial financial, legal and operational risks. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">This guide explains how embassies, consulates and international organisations can safely acquire, lease, occupy, renovate, manage and dispose of real estate in T\u00fcrkiye.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1q1kb6d\" data-start=\"1698\" data-end=\"1738\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">2. Institutions Covered by This Guide<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1740\" data-end=\"1798\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The principles discussed in this guide may be relevant to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1800\" data-end=\"2123\">\n<li data-section-id=\"fgqshz\" data-start=\"1800\" data-end=\"1812\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Embassies;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pix32m\" data-start=\"1813\" data-end=\"1849\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Consulates and consulates general;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1l33kom\" data-start=\"1850\" data-end=\"1871\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Permanent missions;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n4ezhv\" data-start=\"1872\" data-end=\"1921\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Representations of international organisations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1k6ihet\" data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1948\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">United Nations agencies;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j4ikbh\" data-start=\"1949\" data-end=\"1971\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Cultural institutes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"42agy9\" data-start=\"1972\" data-end=\"2003\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Commercial and trade offices;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"177ldc1\" data-start=\"2004\" data-end=\"2045\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Defence, liaison and technical offices;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1eunckb\" data-start=\"2046\" data-end=\"2123\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Other foreign representations enjoying privileges or immunities in T\u00fcrkiye.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2125\" data-end=\"2525\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The applicable rules are not identical for every institution. Diplomatic missions and consular posts are principally governed by the Vienna conventions, Turkish law and reciprocity. International organisations may benefit from different privileges under their constituent instruments, international conventions and host country agreements concluded with T\u00fcrkiye. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Each proposed transaction should therefore begin with an institutional-status review rather than an assumption that all foreign representations enjoy the same rights and exemptions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"17jawdt\" data-start=\"2710\" data-end=\"2744\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">3. Types of Diplomatic Property<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2746\" data-end=\"2848\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The legal treatment of a property may depend substantially on its official designation and actual use.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Common categories include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"3331\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1fu45bo\" data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"2909\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A chancery or embassy office;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1e6qah3\" data-start=\"2910\" data-end=\"2929\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A chancery annex;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1gwentl\" data-start=\"2930\" data-end=\"2965\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A consulate or consulate general;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1r3y7qq\" data-start=\"2966\" data-end=\"3014\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The official residence of the head of mission;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lvhhth\" data-start=\"3015\" data-end=\"3089\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Residences occupied by diplomatic, administrative or consular personnel;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ssrea6\" data-start=\"3090\" data-end=\"3136\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Cultural, educational or commercial offices;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1olk6py\" data-start=\"3137\" data-end=\"3187\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Archives and secure document-storage facilities;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kwj5z3\" data-start=\"3188\" data-end=\"3234\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Warehouses and operational support premises;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"48bxsu\" data-start=\"3235\" data-end=\"3260\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Official parking areas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wuz2en\" data-start=\"3261\" data-end=\"3331\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Property undergoing construction, redevelopment or major renovation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3333\" data-end=\"3608\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The distinction matters because approval procedures, planning rules, tax exemptions and diplomatic protections may differ according to whether the property is used as an official mission building, a chief-of-mission residence, staff accommodation or another type of facility. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A property approved for diplomatic or consular use should normally be used in accordance with that declared purpose. Its use by another governmental office, a third party or a commercial operator may require additional consent from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1mlc4fv\" data-start=\"3914\" data-end=\"3961\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">4. International and Turkish Legal Framework<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"4060\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diplomatic real estate transactions in T\u00fcrkiye are governed by several overlapping legal regimes. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The international framework includes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4101\" data-end=\"4381\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1rsp97w\" data-start=\"4101\" data-end=\"4157\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"164k1w9\" data-start=\"4158\" data-end=\"4212\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ifkfqi\" data-start=\"4213\" data-end=\"4243\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Customary international law;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t49dda\" data-start=\"4244\" data-end=\"4267\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bilateral agreements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"73o2f6\" data-start=\"4268\" data-end=\"4299\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The principle of reciprocity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6j1mmy\" data-start=\"4300\" data-end=\"4354\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Constituent treaties of international organisations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"l53d7f\" data-start=\"4355\" data-end=\"4381\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Host country agreements.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4383\" data-end=\"4427\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The relevant domestic framework may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4429\" data-end=\"4759\">\n<li data-section-id=\"slkmm2\" data-start=\"4429\" data-end=\"4479\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Turkish land registry and cadastral legislation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tyxuf9\" data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4514\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Turkish Code of Obligations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xl2yqy\" data-start=\"4515\" data-end=\"4563\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Zoning, planning and construction legislation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wlpad8\" data-start=\"4564\" data-end=\"4588\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Municipal regulations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1m11ct7\" data-start=\"4589\" data-end=\"4607\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Condominium law;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dnx2u3\" data-start=\"4608\" data-end=\"4626\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tax legislation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bibe6q\" data-start=\"4627\" data-end=\"4673\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Environmental and heritage-protection rules;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"plzbg2\" data-start=\"4674\" data-end=\"4720\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Earthquake and building-safety requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9i94lj\" data-start=\"4721\" data-end=\"4759\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Civil procedure and enforcement law.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4761\" data-end=\"5080\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diplomatic status does not remove a transaction from Turkish property, planning or contract law. Immunity and inviolability protect particular sovereign interests, but they do not eliminate the need to obtain planning permission, verify title, draft an enforceable agreement or comply with building-safety requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"189clv\" data-start=\"5082\" data-end=\"5131\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">5. The Role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5133\" data-end=\"5269\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Directorate-General of Protocol of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs plays a central role in diplomatic property transactions.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Foreign missions must notify the Ministry before a proposed:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5333\" data-end=\"5482\">\n<li data-section-id=\"iev9vc\" data-start=\"5333\" data-end=\"5344\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Purchase;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1p708el\" data-start=\"5345\" data-end=\"5353\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Lease;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"178lmw8\" data-start=\"5354\" data-end=\"5361\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Sale;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15qgy9o\" data-start=\"5362\" data-end=\"5394\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Other acquisition or disposal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"luuoe3\" data-start=\"5395\" data-end=\"5418\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Construction project;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"38jsow\" data-start=\"5419\" data-end=\"5432\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Alteration;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"w9cw22\" data-start=\"5433\" data-end=\"5445\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Expansion;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10vd9h1\" data-start=\"5446\" data-end=\"5465\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Major renovation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"681dlw\" data-start=\"5466\" data-end=\"5482\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Change in use.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5484\" data-end=\"5694\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry\u2019s review is intended to ensure that the location and use of the proposed premises are compatible with planning, municipal, traffic and security considerations. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry has expressly stated that it may decline to approve a transaction completed without prior approval. The fact that a mission has already signed a contract, made a payment, taken possession or moved into the property does not bind the Ministry to approve the arrangement retrospectively. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Early consultation is therefore essential. Diplomatic approval should be treated as a central transaction condition, not as an administrative formality to be completed after signing.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1c2d9n5\" data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6259\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">6. Notification and Approval Procedure<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6261\" data-end=\"6353\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The review procedure is initiated by a diplomatic note submitted to the Protocol Department. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The notification should contain, at minimum:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6401\" data-end=\"6642\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1alhww0\" data-start=\"6401\" data-end=\"6437\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The exact address of the property;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1198mf7\" data-start=\"6438\" data-end=\"6506\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The apartment, suite or independent-unit number, where applicable;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jzrhy7\" data-start=\"6507\" data-end=\"6542\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The proposed use of the premises;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1135z9x\" data-start=\"6543\" data-end=\"6571\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The method of acquisition;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1p6s4a0\" data-start=\"6572\" data-end=\"6614\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The proposed lease term, where relevant;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pimmfm\" data-start=\"6615\" data-end=\"6642\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A copy of the title deed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6644\" data-end=\"6810\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry has also requested that notifications include available block, map and parcel information relating to the property. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The official procedure allows the Ministry up to 60 days to review a request, although the 2005 circular indicates that many applications may be resolved sooner. Missions should nevertheless plan on the basis that the full review period may be required. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A transaction timetable should therefore provide sufficient time for:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7176\" data-end=\"7382\">\n<li data-section-id=\"f66bc6\" data-start=\"7176\" data-end=\"7194\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ministry review;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cuf7ie\" data-start=\"7195\" data-end=\"7230\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Municipal and planning enquiries;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5dgtn7\" data-start=\"7231\" data-end=\"7253\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security assessment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sw1zba\" data-start=\"7254\" data-end=\"7276\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Legal due diligence;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zxcvdq\" data-start=\"7277\" data-end=\"7300\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Technical inspection;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"afum0y\" data-start=\"7301\" data-end=\"7324\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Contract negotiation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15ssv43\" data-start=\"7325\" data-end=\"7354\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tax-exemption applications;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zyql5i\" data-start=\"7355\" data-end=\"7382\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Registration or delivery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"zcfaqt\" data-start=\"7384\" data-end=\"7423\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">7. Agreements Signed Before Approval<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7425\" data-end=\"7558\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A mission should generally avoid entering into an unconditional purchase or lease agreement before receiving the Ministry\u2019s approval. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Where commercial circumstances require an agreement to be signed earlier, the contract should state expressly that its effectiveness or completion is conditional upon approval by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This approach is specifically contemplated by the Ministry\u2019s official procedure. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A properly drafted condition precedent should address:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7948\" data-end=\"8375\">\n<li data-section-id=\"61n6uz\" data-start=\"7948\" data-end=\"7997\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The authority responsible for seeking approval;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qhc92j\" data-start=\"7998\" data-end=\"8030\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The documents to be submitted;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1c4elm3\" data-start=\"8031\" data-end=\"8073\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A long-stop date for receiving approval;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gm3dsn\" data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8104\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The consequences of refusal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"7plncm\" data-start=\"8105\" data-end=\"8147\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The return of deposits and advance rent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"nqrduk\" data-start=\"8148\" data-end=\"8198\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Responsibility for legal and technical expenses;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1i7qcgo\" data-start=\"8199\" data-end=\"8253\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether possession may be delivered before approval;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"y8tarj\" data-start=\"8254\" data-end=\"8318\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether either party may terminate during the approval period;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hraw8g\" data-start=\"8319\" data-end=\"8375\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether partial or conditional approval is acceptable.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"8377\" data-end=\"8595\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A general phrase such as \u201csubject to official approval\u201d may be insufficient. The agreement should define precisely which approval is required and what happens if it is delayed, refused or granted subject to conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1xue2bi\" data-start=\"8597\" data-end=\"8640\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">8. Preliminary Needs and Site Assessment<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"8642\" data-end=\"8728\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Before searching for property, the mission should prepare a written operational brief. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">This should identify:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"8753\" data-end=\"9175\">\n<li data-section-id=\"140c11g\" data-start=\"8753\" data-end=\"8794\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The intended legal and operational use;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"103hk8d\" data-start=\"8795\" data-end=\"8846\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the property will be purchased or leased;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fldidm\" data-start=\"8847\" data-end=\"8882\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Required floor area and capacity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ycq3he\" data-start=\"8883\" data-end=\"8905\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Public-access needs;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k8mbsn\" data-start=\"8906\" data-end=\"8929\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Parking requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hh4q6f\" data-start=\"8930\" data-end=\"8968\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security and perimeter requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1suffb2\" data-start=\"8969\" data-end=\"8988\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Emergency access;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1w39sal\" data-start=\"8989\" data-end=\"9005\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Accessibility;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1o2vm87\" data-start=\"9006\" data-end=\"9038\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Communications infrastructure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"184yc3z\" data-start=\"9039\" data-end=\"9074\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Archive and storage requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8gtjn\" data-start=\"9075\" data-end=\"9101\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Staff-residential needs;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1be4srg\" data-start=\"9102\" data-end=\"9135\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Future expansion possibilities;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13vnhik\" data-start=\"9136\" data-end=\"9175\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Budget and expected occupancy period.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9177\" data-end=\"9336\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should also decide whether the property must be capable of immediate occupation or whether substantial fit-out and structural works are acceptable. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A clear brief prevents the mission from investing time in properties that are attractive commercially but unsuitable from a diplomatic, planning, structural or security perspective.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"30us37\" data-start=\"9521\" data-end=\"9548\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">9. Buying Versus Leasing<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"9550\" data-end=\"9644\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The decision to purchase or lease should be based on legal, financial and operational factors. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Purchasing may provide:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9671\" data-end=\"9893\">\n<li data-section-id=\"22gwk2\" data-start=\"9671\" data-end=\"9706\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Long-term security of occupation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6q1hit\" data-start=\"9707\" data-end=\"9753\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Greater control over structural alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1y1e3s5\" data-start=\"9754\" data-end=\"9791\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Reduced exposure to rent increases;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"oorer6\" data-start=\"9792\" data-end=\"9826\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A long-term institutional asset;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"d1jbse\" data-start=\"9827\" data-end=\"9893\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Greater freedom to implement mission-specific security measures.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9895\" data-end=\"9915\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">It may also require:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9917\" data-end=\"10157\">\n<li data-section-id=\"ydxsyq\" data-start=\"9917\" data-end=\"9955\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A larger initial capital commitment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ep6mhv\" data-start=\"9956\" data-end=\"10007\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">More extensive title and technical due diligence;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bmohj8\" data-start=\"10008\" data-end=\"10052\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Responsibility for structural maintenance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16yc08e\" data-start=\"10053\" data-end=\"10085\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Long-term property management;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rza9pq\" data-start=\"10086\" data-end=\"10115\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A later disposal procedure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1tlstvg\" data-start=\"10116\" data-end=\"10157\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Detailed tax and registration planning.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"10159\" data-end=\"10179\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Leasing may provide:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"10181\" data-end=\"10306\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1cjy0lv\" data-start=\"10181\" data-end=\"10209\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Lower initial expenditure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"140t6k\" data-start=\"10210\" data-end=\"10232\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Greater flexibility;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1w3pbsg\" data-start=\"10233\" data-end=\"10253\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Easier relocation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1r1ypft\" data-start=\"10254\" data-end=\"10306\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Reduced long-term asset-management responsibility.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"10308\" data-end=\"10351\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">However, a lease may expose the mission to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"10353\" data-end=\"10590\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1mwzcmd\" data-start=\"10353\" data-end=\"10380\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rent-adjustment disputes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i6vvv9\" data-start=\"10381\" data-end=\"10411\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Restrictions on alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1b6qsyy\" data-start=\"10412\" data-end=\"10441\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Dependence on the landlord;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"u7s3hh\" data-start=\"10442\" data-end=\"10464\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Renewal uncertainty;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1e48hf4\" data-start=\"10465\" data-end=\"10501\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Termination and eviction disputes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vy0k2v\" data-start=\"10502\" data-end=\"10528\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Deposit-recovery issues;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ozimy4\" data-start=\"10529\" data-end=\"10590\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Difficulties installing specialist security infrastructure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"10592\" data-end=\"10753\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The choice should be aligned with the anticipated duration of the mission\u2019s use, the strategic importance of the location and the scale of planned modifications.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"iya9ux\" data-start=\"10755\" data-end=\"10805\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">10. Identifying the Correct Purchaser or Tenant<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"10807\" data-end=\"10887\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">One of the most important drafting issues is identifying the proper legal party. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Depending on the transaction, the purchaser or tenant may be described as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"10965\" data-end=\"11297\">\n<li data-section-id=\"mwmfz5\" data-start=\"10965\" data-end=\"10985\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The sending state;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1671dhg\" data-start=\"10986\" data-end=\"11024\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The government of the sending state;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kld0r4\" data-start=\"11025\" data-end=\"11077\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The embassy acting on behalf of the sending state;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18amlg7\" data-start=\"11078\" data-end=\"11123\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A consular post acting through the embassy;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nyvclo\" data-start=\"11124\" data-end=\"11188\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">An international organisation with separate legal personality;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1u76nr2\" data-start=\"11189\" data-end=\"11230\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">An authorised governmental institution;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14wg1wi\" data-start=\"11231\" data-end=\"11297\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A duly authorised representative acting for the relevant entity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"11299\" data-end=\"11414\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The institution\u2019s internal terminology should be reconciled with Turkish registration and contractual requirements.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Naming an ambassador, diplomat or employee personally as purchaser or tenant may create serious complications unless the transaction is genuinely personal. A person acting in an official capacity should not be confused with the state or organisation that will own, occupy or finance the property. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The agreement should state clearly:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"11751\" data-end=\"12000\">\n<li data-section-id=\"yqor7l\" data-start=\"11751\" data-end=\"11785\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The legal identity of the party;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1f9h3vs\" data-start=\"11786\" data-end=\"11810\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Its official capacity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mmkb3r\" data-start=\"11811\" data-end=\"11850\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Its address for contractual purposes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"edfopq\" data-start=\"11851\" data-end=\"11893\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The source of the signatory\u2019s authority;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dgs75g\" data-start=\"11894\" data-end=\"11943\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the transaction is official or private;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pt4oog\" data-start=\"11944\" data-end=\"12000\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the property will qualify as mission premises.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1klgmz0\" data-start=\"12002\" data-end=\"12047\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">11. Authority and Representation Documents<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"12049\" data-end=\"12220\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The seller, landlord, land registry directorate, bank, municipality or other authority may require evidence that the person signing for the mission has authority to do so. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Depending on the transaction, relevant documents may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"12285\" data-end=\"12549\">\n<li data-section-id=\"ogah72\" data-start=\"12285\" data-end=\"12305\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A diplomatic note;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"44sjo4\" data-start=\"12306\" data-end=\"12330\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A letter of authority;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"92c43e\" data-start=\"12331\" data-end=\"12357\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A governmental decision;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1tjdcq2\" data-start=\"12358\" data-end=\"12380\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A power of attorney;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jkaefn\" data-start=\"12381\" data-end=\"12424\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">An appointment or accreditation document;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jw8nut\" data-start=\"12425\" data-end=\"12451\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Signature authorisation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mt03rh\" data-start=\"12452\" data-end=\"12483\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">An organisational resolution;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n12z3s\" data-start=\"12484\" data-end=\"12549\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Evidence of the international organisation\u2019s legal personality.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"12551\" data-end=\"12714\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Foreign documents may need to be translated into Turkish and, depending on their nature and the applicable diplomatic or legal channel, authenticated or legalised. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The required form should be confirmed at an early stage. A transaction may be delayed even after commercial terms are agreed if the signing authority or representation documents are not acceptable to the relevant Turkish institution.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1xdcacv\" data-start=\"12951\" data-end=\"12993\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">12. Legal Due Diligence Before Purchase<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"12995\" data-end=\"13102\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A diplomatic purchaser should conduct comprehensive legal due diligence before making a binding commitment.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The review should include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"13132\" data-end=\"13690\">\n<li data-section-id=\"fdzx8l\" data-start=\"13132\" data-end=\"13171\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Confirmation of the registered owner;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kdkks0\" data-start=\"13172\" data-end=\"13212\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Verification of cadastral information;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mjqiii\" data-start=\"13213\" data-end=\"13263\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Identification of the relevant independent unit;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"a5rt9v\" data-start=\"13264\" data-end=\"13286\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Review of mortgages;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10c980y\" data-start=\"13287\" data-end=\"13329\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Attachments and enforcement annotations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4g5340\" data-start=\"13330\" data-end=\"13342\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Easements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xr68px\" data-start=\"13343\" data-end=\"13361\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Usufruct rights;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hbv4fh\" data-start=\"13362\" data-end=\"13384\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rights of residence;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kmjqo5\" data-start=\"13385\" data-end=\"13410\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Litigation annotations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"100au01\" data-start=\"13411\" data-end=\"13451\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Expropriation or public-project risks;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wp7qa4\" data-start=\"13452\" data-end=\"13483\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Preliminary sales agreements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hneu15\" data-start=\"13484\" data-end=\"13510\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rights of first refusal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"arnlxl\" data-start=\"13511\" data-end=\"13552\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Restrictions arising from co-ownership;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1evyzeq\" data-start=\"13553\" data-end=\"13584\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Condominium-management rules;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15uettj\" data-start=\"13585\" data-end=\"13606\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Common-area rights;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n29jt3\" data-start=\"13607\" data-end=\"13639\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Existing leases or occupation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"99uzmr\" data-start=\"13640\" data-end=\"13690\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Outstanding municipal or management liabilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"13692\" data-end=\"13930\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The title deed alone may not reveal every legal, planning or physical problem. Due diligence should therefore extend to land registry records, cadastral information, municipal files, the condominium-management plan and relevant contracts. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A purchaser should not rely solely on documents supplied by the seller.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"53anf\" data-start=\"14005\" data-end=\"14047\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">13. Zoning, Permitted Use and Occupancy<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"14049\" data-end=\"14190\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The property\u2019s existing physical appearance does not establish that it may lawfully be used as a chancery, consulate or institutional office.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should verify:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"14220\" data-end=\"14598\">\n<li data-section-id=\"t442b3\" data-start=\"14220\" data-end=\"14249\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The applicable zoning plan;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"b2dnsm\" data-start=\"14250\" data-end=\"14287\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The registered use of the property;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"igvog0\" data-start=\"14288\" data-end=\"14314\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The construction permit;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wltzs2\" data-start=\"14315\" data-end=\"14338\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The occupancy permit;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jaiwpp\" data-start=\"14339\" data-end=\"14390\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether office or institutional use is permitted;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"rmqzzw\" data-start=\"14391\" data-end=\"14429\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether a change of use is required;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kh6657\" data-start=\"14430\" data-end=\"14494\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the premises comply with fire and accessibility rules;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kjdmur\" data-start=\"14495\" data-end=\"14543\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether alterations were carried out lawfully;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"47k35q\" data-start=\"14544\" data-end=\"14598\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether condominium rules restrict the proposed use.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"14600\" data-end=\"14975\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs specifically requires foreign missions to comply with applicable municipal, building and land-use rules. For chanceries and chancery annexes in Ankara, an occupancy permit must be obtained before occupation, and certain municipal permits require the written concurrence of the Protocol Department.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A residential title classification does not necessarily mean that the premises may be converted into an embassy office without further approval.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"pnt73k\" data-start=\"15123\" data-end=\"15157\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">14. Chancery Premises in Ankara<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"15159\" data-end=\"15254\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The official procedure gives particular attention to chanceries and chancery annexes in Ankara. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Protocol Department assesses whether a proposed location is acceptable and whether alterations or expansion comply with applicable local requirements. Municipal occupancy and planning approvals are also required.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Where construction or alteration permits are needed, project plans may first have to be submitted to the Protocol Department for review and transmission to the appropriate local authority.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">An Ankara chancery transaction should therefore coordinate:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"15763\" data-end=\"15968\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1efxj6j\" data-start=\"15763\" data-end=\"15783\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ministry approval;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2d4mak\" data-start=\"15784\" data-end=\"15812\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Municipal planning review;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mg66av\" data-start=\"15813\" data-end=\"15836\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Occupancy permission;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ezv3rm\" data-start=\"15837\" data-end=\"15875\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Construction and alteration permits;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1om66kg\" data-start=\"15876\" data-end=\"15902\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security considerations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mop917\" data-start=\"15903\" data-end=\"15931\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Traffic and access issues;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ddihbf\" data-start=\"15932\" data-end=\"15968\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Legal and technical due diligence.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"15970\" data-end=\"16111\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The purchase or lease agreement should not assume that a building currently used as an office is automatically acceptable for diplomatic use.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"jhs4ba\" data-start=\"16113\" data-end=\"16154\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">15. Consular Properties Outside Ankara<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"16156\" data-end=\"16287\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Purchases, leases, alterations, expansions and changes of use involving consular properties are also subject to prior notification. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Consular posts are expected to submit property notifications to the Ministry through their embassies. They must additionally comply with the planning, building and permit requirements of the municipality or local authority where the property is located. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A consulate in Istanbul, \u0130zmir, Antalya or another city may therefore face a different municipal process from a chancery in Ankara. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Local due diligence should address:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"16754\" data-end=\"16971\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1bvm340\" data-start=\"16754\" data-end=\"16773\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Municipal zoning;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fcble6\" data-start=\"16774\" data-end=\"16805\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Building-use classifications;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19kdvfg\" data-start=\"16806\" data-end=\"16844\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Local traffic and access conditions;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tcto9i\" data-start=\"16845\" data-end=\"16872\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Fire-safety requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ru61ge\" data-start=\"16873\" data-end=\"16906\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Historic-building restrictions;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19nlstk\" data-start=\"16907\" data-end=\"16932\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Earthquake-risk status;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"22yv6x\" data-start=\"16933\" data-end=\"16971\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Construction and renovation permits.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"16973\" data-end=\"17065\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should not assume that approval practices are uniform across all Turkish cities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"ofsm5n\" data-start=\"17067\" data-end=\"17130\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">16. Residences for Heads of Mission and Diplomatic Personnel<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"17132\" data-end=\"17318\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Residential properties purchased or leased by foreign missions for members of the mission are subject to the Ministry\u2019s notification requirements. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A distinction should be made between:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17359\" data-end=\"17603\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1r3y7qq\" data-start=\"17359\" data-end=\"17407\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The official residence of the head of mission;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t274pe\" data-start=\"17408\" data-end=\"17474\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Residences leased by the sending state for diplomatic personnel;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kh2eov\" data-start=\"17475\" data-end=\"17508\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Privately rented accommodation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1czcdpi\" data-start=\"17509\" data-end=\"17569\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Staff housing used by administrative or service personnel;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rywuf3\" data-start=\"17570\" data-end=\"17603\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Mixed official and private use.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"17605\" data-end=\"17632\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The distinction may affect:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17634\" data-end=\"17858\">\n<li data-section-id=\"12zg830\" data-start=\"17634\" data-end=\"17676\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The identity of the tenant or purchaser;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"56fjk4\" data-start=\"17677\" data-end=\"17710\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Eligibility for tax privileges;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1os7plw\" data-start=\"17711\" data-end=\"17751\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Responsibility for rent and utilities;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ecbqj4\" data-start=\"17752\" data-end=\"17777\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diplomatic designation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j2j8d0\" data-start=\"17778\" data-end=\"17799\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Termination rights;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16przzj\" data-start=\"17800\" data-end=\"17826\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Maintenance obligations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1p92sev\" data-start=\"17827\" data-end=\"17858\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Protection and inviolability.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"17860\" data-end=\"17972\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The agreement should clearly identify whether the property is being occupied in an official or private capacity.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1yoy6x1\" data-start=\"17974\" data-end=\"18000\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">17. Lease Due Diligence<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"18002\" data-end=\"18093\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Before entering into a lease, the mission should verify both the property and the landlord. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The review should establish:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18125\" data-end=\"18742\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1d79h33\" data-start=\"18125\" data-end=\"18203\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">That the landlord is the registered owner or duly authorised representative;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jlq5ow\" data-start=\"18204\" data-end=\"18239\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the property is co-owned;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13hsvfx\" data-start=\"18240\" data-end=\"18285\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether all required owners have consented;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11u43j5\" data-start=\"18286\" data-end=\"18347\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the property is mortgaged or subject to attachment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xr414s\" data-start=\"18348\" data-end=\"18414\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether another tenant or occupier has rights over the premises;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xh7l2y\" data-start=\"18415\" data-end=\"18452\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the intended use is lawful;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hpn53u\" data-start=\"18453\" data-end=\"18512\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether alterations require the consent of third parties;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mlllry\" data-start=\"18513\" data-end=\"18576\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether condominium-management rules permit the proposed use;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fg17w0\" data-start=\"18577\" data-end=\"18624\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the building has an occupancy permit;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1u8sasy\" data-start=\"18625\" data-end=\"18685\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether there are outstanding management or utility debts;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8l4h2h\" data-start=\"18686\" data-end=\"18742\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the property has structural or safety defects.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"18744\" data-end=\"18877\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Where the landlord acts through a power of attorney, the scope and continuing validity of that authority should be checked carefully. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A long-term diplomatic lease should generally receive a level of legal and technical scrutiny comparable to a purchase.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1i46n3w\" data-start=\"19000\" data-end=\"19052\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">18. Essential Clauses in Embassy Lease Agreements<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"19054\" data-end=\"19201\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A diplomatic lease should be tailored to the mission\u2019s operational requirements rather than based on a standard residential or commercial template. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Key provisions should address:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"19235\" data-end=\"19989\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1hr0o8u\" data-start=\"19235\" data-end=\"19279\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The identity and authority of the parties;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ld5se6\" data-start=\"19280\" data-end=\"19315\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The official use of the premises;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jhexep\" data-start=\"19316\" data-end=\"19361\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ministry approval as a condition precedent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"17fguxf\" data-start=\"19362\" data-end=\"19392\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The lease commencement date;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1j4vnju\" data-start=\"19393\" data-end=\"19421\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The duration of the lease;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"t62jlj\" data-start=\"19422\" data-end=\"19454\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Renewal and extension options;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"m191l4\" data-start=\"19455\" data-end=\"19483\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rent and payment currency;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mae74k\" data-start=\"19484\" data-end=\"19513\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rent-adjustment mechanisms;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kgu1qg\" data-start=\"19514\" data-end=\"19536\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Deposit or security;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5udcws\" data-start=\"19537\" data-end=\"19558\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Delivery condition;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13hd4go\" data-start=\"19559\" data-end=\"19576\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Fit-out rights;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"197e3se\" data-start=\"19577\" data-end=\"19602\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Structural alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1a0t1e2\" data-start=\"19603\" data-end=\"19628\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security installations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13mm3qw\" data-start=\"19629\" data-end=\"19654\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Maintenance and repair;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4a0cdl\" data-start=\"19655\" data-end=\"19667\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Insurance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"spgb4e\" data-start=\"19668\" data-end=\"19704\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Utilities and management expenses;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5hbwsn\" data-start=\"19705\" data-end=\"19730\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Access by the landlord;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10niw91\" data-start=\"19731\" data-end=\"19749\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Confidentiality;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18fohk6\" data-start=\"19750\" data-end=\"19778\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Assignment and subletting;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tsv9gk\" data-start=\"19779\" data-end=\"19799\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Early termination;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"7b5ejw\" data-start=\"19800\" data-end=\"19828\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A diplomatic break clause;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fy80nj\" data-start=\"19829\" data-end=\"19845\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Force majeure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15e570p\" data-start=\"19846\" data-end=\"19885\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Closure or relocation of the mission;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"w9zgoy\" data-start=\"19886\" data-end=\"19912\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Restoration obligations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hot35r\" data-start=\"19913\" data-end=\"19939\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Handover at termination;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1f1wg0e\" data-start=\"19940\" data-end=\"19956\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Governing law;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xuey6v\" data-start=\"19957\" data-end=\"19978\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Dispute resolution;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"q7qurz\" data-start=\"19979\" data-end=\"19989\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Notices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"19991\" data-end=\"20145\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The lease should also determine which provisions survive termination, particularly confidentiality, restoration, liability and dispute-resolution clauses.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"p2ob6c\" data-start=\"20147\" data-end=\"20180\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">19. Rent, Currency and Payment<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"20182\" data-end=\"20282\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rent provisions should comply with the mandatory rules applicable at the time the agreement is made.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The parties should clearly regulate:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"20322\" data-end=\"20641\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1k5va21\" data-start=\"20322\" data-end=\"20345\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The currency of rent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ldpsx0\" data-start=\"20346\" data-end=\"20365\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The payment date;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tm43gj\" data-start=\"20366\" data-end=\"20395\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The receiving bank account;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"z4f1f5\" data-start=\"20396\" data-end=\"20415\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Transfer charges;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fn07a7\" data-start=\"20416\" data-end=\"20459\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Applicable withholding or indirect taxes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bmju6r\" data-start=\"20460\" data-end=\"20517\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether rent is stated inclusive or exclusive of taxes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1y0j4wu\" data-start=\"20518\" data-end=\"20545\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The adjustment mechanism;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"izbx6e\" data-start=\"20546\" data-end=\"20574\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Late-payment consequences;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8n058k\" data-start=\"20575\" data-end=\"20590\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Advance rent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jj4boc\" data-start=\"20591\" data-end=\"20641\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Payment during renovation or delayed occupation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"20643\" data-end=\"20940\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Currency and rent-adjustment rules may change over time. Their application may also depend on the legal identity of the parties and the nature of the transaction. The agreement should therefore be reviewed under the rules in force on the signing date rather than relying on an older standard form.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diplomatic status should not be assumed to remove all payment, tax or documentation requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"lts359\" data-start=\"21041\" data-end=\"21078\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">20. Deposit and Financial Security<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"21080\" data-end=\"21103\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A landlord may request:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"21105\" data-end=\"21214\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1sc3nzv\" data-start=\"21105\" data-end=\"21122\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A cash deposit;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8n058k\" data-start=\"21123\" data-end=\"21138\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Advance rent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xd62pa\" data-start=\"21139\" data-end=\"21158\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A bank guarantee;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"e52kgg\" data-start=\"21159\" data-end=\"21186\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A governmental guarantee;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"lxlgis\" data-start=\"21187\" data-end=\"21214\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Another form of security.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"21216\" data-end=\"21241\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The lease should specify:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"21243\" data-end=\"21564\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1o7m8ve\" data-start=\"21243\" data-end=\"21269\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The amount and currency;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s72lqj\" data-start=\"21270\" data-end=\"21303\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Where the deposit will be held;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gakij6\" data-start=\"21304\" data-end=\"21332\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether it earns interest;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4l4ga2\" data-start=\"21333\" data-end=\"21371\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The permitted grounds for deduction;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12l11iw\" data-start=\"21372\" data-end=\"21411\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The procedure for documenting damage;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"b7r0z1\" data-start=\"21412\" data-end=\"21437\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The repayment deadline;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hyjmqj\" data-start=\"21438\" data-end=\"21480\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The treatment of ordinary wear and tear;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"swk0w3\" data-start=\"21481\" data-end=\"21515\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The effect of early termination;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5m8tyl\" data-start=\"21516\" data-end=\"21564\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The impact of Ministry approval being refused.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"21566\" data-end=\"21754\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A deposit should not become an undefined source of compensation for the landlord. Any right of deduction should be linked to identifiable contractual obligations and supported by evidence. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Where a significant advance payment is required, the mission should consider whether escrow or another protected payment arrangement is appropriate.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1042ijb\" data-start=\"21906\" data-end=\"21949\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">21. Renovation, Construction and Fit-Out<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"21951\" data-end=\"22045\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diplomatic premises often require specialised works that go beyond ordinary office decoration. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">These may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"22067\" data-end=\"22391\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1hsg8r1\" data-start=\"22067\" data-end=\"22090\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Reinforced entrances;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1snfeme\" data-start=\"22091\" data-end=\"22119\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Controlled-access systems;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t980mh\" data-start=\"22120\" data-end=\"22137\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security rooms;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mojyqs\" data-start=\"22138\" data-end=\"22156\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Perimeter works;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mq7olv\" data-start=\"22157\" data-end=\"22170\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Generators;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1keuvsy\" data-start=\"22171\" data-end=\"22218\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Electrical and communications infrastructure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qdvzku\" data-start=\"22219\" data-end=\"22247\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Secure meeting facilities;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4j39gy\" data-start=\"22248\" data-end=\"22269\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Archive protection;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"95mcwc\" data-start=\"22270\" data-end=\"22292\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Fire-safety systems;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jhjili\" data-start=\"22293\" data-end=\"22322\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Accessibility improvements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1svzfdj\" data-start=\"22323\" data-end=\"22346\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Flagpoles or signage;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"lw941k\" data-start=\"22347\" data-end=\"22391\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Parking and vehicle-control installations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"22393\" data-end=\"22653\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Alterations, additions and changes of use are themselves subject to prior notification to the Ministry. Construction and major renovation may also require municipal permits and compliance with local building regulations.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should obtain clarity on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"22694\" data-end=\"22923\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1l9fnar\" data-start=\"22694\" data-end=\"22729\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ownership of installed equipment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cts0j3\" data-start=\"22730\" data-end=\"22749\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Landlord consent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"134pzpk\" data-start=\"22750\" data-end=\"22774\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Permit responsibility;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"yohvie\" data-start=\"22775\" data-end=\"22793\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Design approval;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1w9d1q3\" data-start=\"22794\" data-end=\"22817\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Contractor liability;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1py9afs\" data-start=\"22818\" data-end=\"22838\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Health and safety;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4a0cdl\" data-start=\"22839\" data-end=\"22851\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Insurance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fq3qn5\" data-start=\"22852\" data-end=\"22873\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Completion testing;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"949jwo\" data-start=\"22874\" data-end=\"22923\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Removal or restoration at the end of the lease.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"22925\" data-end=\"23048\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Fit-out works should be governed by a separate, detailed construction or services agreement where their scale justifies it.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"h26di8\" data-start=\"23050\" data-end=\"23089\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">22. Earthquake and Structural Safety<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"23091\" data-end=\"23161\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Structural safety is a critical part of property selection in T\u00fcrkiye.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A legal review should be supported by qualified technical professionals who can assess:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23252\" data-end=\"23542\">\n<li data-section-id=\"jmskvj\" data-start=\"23252\" data-end=\"23278\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The age of the building;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mjz99n\" data-start=\"23279\" data-end=\"23301\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Construction system;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1o24qxj\" data-start=\"23302\" data-end=\"23331\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Available structural plans;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15yuwi2\" data-start=\"23332\" data-end=\"23365\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Soil and foundation conditions;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1tt9krf\" data-start=\"23366\" data-end=\"23384\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Visible defects;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mgrgjm\" data-start=\"23385\" data-end=\"23408\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Previous alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qktd1m\" data-start=\"23409\" data-end=\"23434\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Earthquake performance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2w4zfk\" data-start=\"23435\" data-end=\"23458\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Retrofitting history;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2xbsus\" data-start=\"23459\" data-end=\"23491\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Risky-building determinations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"s1gdi7\" data-start=\"23492\" data-end=\"23521\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Fire and emergency systems;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18aec0l\" data-start=\"23522\" data-end=\"23542\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Evacuation routes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23544\" data-end=\"23690\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should also determine who bears responsibility for structural strengthening and whether the building can remain occupied during works. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">For a leased building, the agreement should deal expressly with:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23758\" data-end=\"23958\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1xdq4co\" data-start=\"23758\" data-end=\"23779\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Structural defects;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"e7xz25\" data-start=\"23780\" data-end=\"23803\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Mandatory evacuation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9ehlti\" data-start=\"23804\" data-end=\"23831\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Government-ordered works;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"psqkzv\" data-start=\"23832\" data-end=\"23850\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rent suspension;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xdrenu\" data-start=\"23851\" data-end=\"23874\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Alternative premises;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tsv9gk\" data-start=\"23875\" data-end=\"23895\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Early termination;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"emox0w\" data-start=\"23896\" data-end=\"23917\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Insurance proceeds;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"b79jtk\" data-start=\"23918\" data-end=\"23958\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Responsibility for retrofitting costs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23960\" data-end=\"24091\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A favourable title review cannot compensate for an unsafe building. Legal and engineering due diligence should proceed in parallel.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"16geoe3\" data-start=\"24093\" data-end=\"24133\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">23. Historic and Protected Properties<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"24135\" data-end=\"24297\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Historic buildings may be attractive for diplomatic use because of their architectural character and location. They may also be subject to extensive restrictions.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should investigate:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"24332\" data-end=\"24672\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1j87jij\" data-start=\"24332\" data-end=\"24380\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the building is officially registered;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zzuqtx\" data-start=\"24381\" data-end=\"24423\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether it lies within a protected area;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ief6h8\" data-start=\"24424\" data-end=\"24474\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether conservation-board approval is required;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"nk2gph\" data-start=\"24475\" data-end=\"24512\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Restrictions on fa\u00e7ade alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dftd8b\" data-start=\"24513\" data-end=\"24547\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Limitations on internal changes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bvhhkd\" data-start=\"24548\" data-end=\"24594\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rules on signage and security installations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"w9zgoy\" data-start=\"24595\" data-end=\"24621\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Restoration obligations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6qkz6d\" data-start=\"24622\" data-end=\"24672\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Archaeological or cultural-heritage constraints.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"24674\" data-end=\"24801\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Works that would be straightforward in a modern office building may be prohibited or heavily regulated in a protected property.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The purchase or lease should not be completed until the mission knows whether its operational and security requirements can lawfully be implemented.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"vs45kh\" data-start=\"24953\" data-end=\"24996\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">24. Security and Operational Suitability<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"24998\" data-end=\"25087\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security assessment should take place before the mission becomes contractually committed. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Relevant considerations may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"25127\" data-end=\"25439\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1wn7vvh\" data-start=\"25127\" data-end=\"25144\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Site perimeter;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ey2ozn\" data-start=\"25145\" data-end=\"25177\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Vehicle and pedestrian access;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fyu9sg\" data-start=\"25178\" data-end=\"25197\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Emergency routes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n3w0tl\" data-start=\"25198\" data-end=\"25226\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Setback from public areas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1h1j87v\" data-start=\"25227\" data-end=\"25237\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Parking;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11x0iio\" data-start=\"25238\" data-end=\"25262\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Surrounding buildings;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1crdc0d\" data-start=\"25263\" data-end=\"25289\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Visibility and exposure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ucmabu\" data-start=\"25290\" data-end=\"25322\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Public gatherings and traffic;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5y0skp\" data-start=\"25323\" data-end=\"25353\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Police and emergency access;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k7kiw7\" data-start=\"25354\" data-end=\"25389\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Secure communications capability;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1p5fuzg\" data-start=\"25390\" data-end=\"25416\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Continuity of utilities;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"42c5aa\" data-start=\"25417\" data-end=\"25439\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Evacuation planning.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"25441\" data-end=\"25578\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry\u2019s approval process expressly takes security and traffic considerations into account. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Public legal guidance should not disclose operational security details. Nevertheless, the transaction documentation must give the mission sufficient authority to implement approved security measures and restrict unauthorised landlord or contractor access.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"phhsae\" data-start=\"25837\" data-end=\"25880\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">25. Inviolability of Diplomatic Premises<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"25882\" data-end=\"26213\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations protects the inviolability of mission premises. Agents of the receiving state may not enter without the consent of the head of mission, and the receiving state has a special duty to protect the premises against intrusion, damage and disturbance.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Inviolability is conceptually distinct from ownership.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"26271\" data-end=\"26546\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A building may constitute mission premises even where it is leased rather than owned, provided it is lawfully used for the purposes of the mission. Conversely, foreign-state ownership alone does not necessarily mean that every part of a property enjoys diplomatic protection. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The distinction should be maintained between:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"26595\" data-end=\"26747\">\n<li data-section-id=\"5srl2b\" data-start=\"26595\" data-end=\"26614\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ownership rights;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"uim0f1\" data-start=\"26615\" data-end=\"26647\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Contractual occupation rights;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8drij9\" data-start=\"26648\" data-end=\"26679\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Official designation and use;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"un8cui\" data-start=\"26680\" data-end=\"26696\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Inviolability;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jn1k99\" data-start=\"26697\" data-end=\"26723\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Jurisdictional immunity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1v5j4lw\" data-start=\"26724\" data-end=\"26747\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Enforcement immunity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"26749\" data-end=\"26926\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Inviolability does not extinguish rent, repair, contractual or tax obligations. Nor does it validate an acquisition, use or alteration carried out without the required approval.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ssr3h0\" data-start=\"26928\" data-end=\"26965\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">26. Tax Exemptions and Reciprocity<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"26967\" data-end=\"27094\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Foreign governments may benefit from exemptions concerning properties owned by the government and used for diplomatic purposes.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry\u2019s official guidance identifies chanceries, chancery annexes and residences of heads of mission among the properties that may qualify. Residences occupied by diplomatic personnel may also receive exemptions on the basis of reciprocity.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Potential areas requiring review include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"27428\" data-end=\"27640\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1fbkba\" data-start=\"27428\" data-end=\"27472\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Charges connected with title registration;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vnzum9\" data-start=\"27473\" data-end=\"27498\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Transfer-related taxes;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4txgcv\" data-start=\"27499\" data-end=\"27524\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Annual real estate tax;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"82eli0\" data-start=\"27525\" data-end=\"27543\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Value-added tax;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cio43p\" data-start=\"27544\" data-end=\"27556\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Stamp tax;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cw7y82\" data-start=\"27557\" data-end=\"27581\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Environmental charges;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1utzoxa\" data-start=\"27582\" data-end=\"27599\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Municipal fees;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pop30l\" data-start=\"27600\" data-end=\"27640\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Other transaction-related liabilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"27642\" data-end=\"27711\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Exemptions should never be assumed. Their availability may depend on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"27713\" data-end=\"27897\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1j9a62f\" data-start=\"27713\" data-end=\"27736\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The owner\u2019s identity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4505dw\" data-start=\"27737\" data-end=\"27758\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The property\u2019s use;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jfin5w\" data-start=\"27759\" data-end=\"27773\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Reciprocity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"e6t3a4\" data-start=\"27774\" data-end=\"27798\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A bilateral agreement;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1i38iu8\" data-start=\"27799\" data-end=\"27826\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The institution\u2019s status;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lqxkmr\" data-start=\"27827\" data-end=\"27851\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ministry confirmation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"l394x7\" data-start=\"27852\" data-end=\"27897\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The nature of the particular tax or charge.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"27899\" data-end=\"28014\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should seek formal confirmation before calculating the transaction budget on the basis of an exemption.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"18hznhj\" data-start=\"28016\" data-end=\"28068\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">27. Property Taxes, Utilities and Service Charges<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"28070\" data-end=\"28178\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">An exemption from real estate taxation does not necessarily extend to charges imposed for specific services.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry\u2019s guidance distinguishes property-tax exemptions from charges relating to utilities, water, sewerage and refuse collection.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A mission may therefore remain responsible for:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"28407\" data-end=\"28632\">\n<li data-section-id=\"9qfec\" data-start=\"28407\" data-end=\"28421\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Electricity;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sw8ggn\" data-start=\"28422\" data-end=\"28436\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Natural gas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8ug1ly\" data-start=\"28437\" data-end=\"28445\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Water;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1njusrc\" data-start=\"28446\" data-end=\"28467\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Telecommunications;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1b147uw\" data-start=\"28468\" data-end=\"28479\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Internet;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"lszfs9\" data-start=\"28480\" data-end=\"28497\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Waste services;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hvoj8u\" data-start=\"28498\" data-end=\"28525\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Building-management fees;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k567in\" data-start=\"28526\" data-end=\"28548\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Heating and cooling;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n34rs8\" data-start=\"28549\" data-end=\"28568\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Private security;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jedthc\" data-start=\"28569\" data-end=\"28596\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Cleaning and maintenance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vwakw6\" data-start=\"28597\" data-end=\"28632\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Other property-specific services.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"28634\" data-end=\"28702\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The purchase or lease agreement should allocate these costs clearly.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">In a multi-unit building, the mission should also review the management plan and budget to determine whether extraordinary common expenses may be charged to the owner, tenant or occupier.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1xe54zn\" data-start=\"28893\" data-end=\"28929\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">28. Insurance and Risk Allocation<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"28931\" data-end=\"29020\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The insurance programme should reflect the nature of the property and its diplomatic use. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Relevant coverage may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"29054\" data-end=\"29370\">\n<li data-section-id=\"friql3\" data-start=\"29054\" data-end=\"29105\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Compulsory earthquake insurance where applicable;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jhl8jj\" data-start=\"29106\" data-end=\"29127\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Building insurance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1oyu577\" data-start=\"29128\" data-end=\"29149\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Contents insurance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11o244w\" data-start=\"29150\" data-end=\"29169\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tenant liability;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fxmi38\" data-start=\"29170\" data-end=\"29194\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Third-party liability;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"o6len9\" data-start=\"29195\" data-end=\"29230\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Construction-all-risks insurance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i15jc5\" data-start=\"29231\" data-end=\"29267\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Employer and contractor liability;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hzlnve\" data-start=\"29268\" data-end=\"29292\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Business interruption;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fwjyb\" data-start=\"29293\" data-end=\"29336\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Political violence or terrorism coverage;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k29cap\" data-start=\"29337\" data-end=\"29370\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Cyber and communications risks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"29372\" data-end=\"29401\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The contract should identify:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"29403\" data-end=\"29667\">\n<li data-section-id=\"10sp1nn\" data-start=\"29403\" data-end=\"29437\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Which party obtains each policy;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ba32m\" data-start=\"29438\" data-end=\"29464\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Minimum coverage levels;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"sgshh4\" data-start=\"29465\" data-end=\"29499\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Who receives insurance proceeds;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s1p4f2\" data-start=\"29500\" data-end=\"29560\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Whether the other party is named as an additional insured;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"41j7hb\" data-start=\"29561\" data-end=\"29588\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Notification obligations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9m82o2\" data-start=\"29589\" data-end=\"29621\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Treatment of uninsured losses;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k26aaw\" data-start=\"29622\" data-end=\"29667\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Reinstatement obligations following damage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"29669\" data-end=\"29780\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The existence of insurance should not replace technical due diligence or proper contractual allocation of risk.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"3pd02j\" data-start=\"29782\" data-end=\"29831\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">29. Condominium and Building-Management Issues<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"29833\" data-end=\"29970\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Diplomatic premises located in apartment blocks, office towers or mixed-use developments may be subject to a condominium-management plan.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should review rules concerning:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"30017\" data-end=\"30262\">\n<li data-section-id=\"8tjyia\" data-start=\"30017\" data-end=\"30033\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Permitted use;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1th1k65\" data-start=\"30034\" data-end=\"30052\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Common expenses;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1h1j87v\" data-start=\"30053\" data-end=\"30063\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Parking;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mjdpww\" data-start=\"30064\" data-end=\"30081\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Access control;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"nsbd93\" data-start=\"30082\" data-end=\"30103\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security personnel;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1y5356f\" data-start=\"30104\" data-end=\"30124\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Signage and flags;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zt1apf\" data-start=\"30125\" data-end=\"30139\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sgy80g\" data-start=\"30140\" data-end=\"30162\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Use of common areas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1i2zcs6\" data-start=\"30163\" data-end=\"30197\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Delivery and visitor procedures;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ohylhd\" data-start=\"30198\" data-end=\"30235\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Generators and technical equipment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"u55f5t\" data-start=\"30236\" data-end=\"30262\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Noise and working hours.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"30264\" data-end=\"30377\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A landlord may be willing to accept a proposed use while the building\u2019s management rules prohibit or restrict it.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should also assess whether the common management\u2019s access rights, maintenance procedures and emergency arrangements are compatible with the operational requirements of diplomatic premises.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"17o5etq\" data-start=\"30581\" data-end=\"30633\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">30. Property Management and Continuing Compliance<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"30635\" data-end=\"30714\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Compliance does not end when the title is registered or the keys are delivered. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should maintain systems for:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"30758\" data-end=\"31056\">\n<li data-section-id=\"vv4amy\" data-start=\"30758\" data-end=\"30783\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Preventive maintenance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"d23y8z\" data-start=\"30784\" data-end=\"30809\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Structural inspections;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1y4safo\" data-start=\"30810\" data-end=\"30842\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Fire and emergency compliance;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j3hdpx\" data-start=\"30843\" data-end=\"30855\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Utilities;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"17ad5aq\" data-start=\"30856\" data-end=\"30887\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Building-management payments;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jvuae1\" data-start=\"30888\" data-end=\"30913\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Contractor supervision;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1m8jv1b\" data-start=\"30914\" data-end=\"30943\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security-vendor management;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1py9afs\" data-start=\"30944\" data-end=\"30964\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Health and safety;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2ee49b\" data-start=\"30965\" data-end=\"30985\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Insurance renewal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"3ippaa\" data-start=\"30986\" data-end=\"31003\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Permit renewal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sulwjs\" data-start=\"31004\" data-end=\"31035\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Documentation of alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dmraj7\" data-start=\"31036\" data-end=\"31056\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Incident response.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"31058\" data-end=\"31266\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Contracts with property managers, engineers, cleaning companies, security providers and maintenance contractors should include appropriate provisions on confidentiality, access, data protection and liability.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The mission should preserve a complete property file containing approvals, permits, plans, title records, contracts, inspection reports and correspondence with public authorities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"xarv6o\" data-start=\"31449\" data-end=\"31485\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">31. Sale, Relocation and Disposal<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"31487\" data-end=\"31641\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Ministry\u2019s notification requirement extends to the sale and other disposal of diplomatic or consular property.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Before disposal, the mission should review:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"31688\" data-end=\"32075\">\n<li data-section-id=\"2cdk6n\" data-start=\"31688\" data-end=\"31708\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Authority to sell;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1efxj6j\" data-start=\"31709\" data-end=\"31729\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ministry approval;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1gcsw7h\" data-start=\"31730\" data-end=\"31759\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Land registry requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"x67y87\" data-start=\"31760\" data-end=\"31786\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Existing tax exemptions;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dbftgg\" data-start=\"31787\" data-end=\"31816\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Potential tax consequences;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yicld5\" data-start=\"31817\" data-end=\"31832\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Encumbrances;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tji258\" data-start=\"31833\" data-end=\"31855\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Buyer due diligence;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"a918t6\" data-start=\"31856\" data-end=\"31890\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Removal of official designation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jugyxg\" data-start=\"31891\" data-end=\"31915\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Vacating and handover;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5whfwm\" data-start=\"31916\" data-end=\"31968\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Protection of archives and communications systems;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xavo4t\" data-start=\"31969\" data-end=\"32005\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Removal of security installations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"72520y\" data-start=\"32006\" data-end=\"32024\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Utility closure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14kkwsj\" data-start=\"32025\" data-end=\"32075\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Treatment of personnel or tenants in occupation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"32077\" data-end=\"32179\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The sale contract should address the transition from diplomatic use to ordinary private or public use.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Where only part of a property is being sold, leased commercially or transferred to another governmental body, the effect on diplomatic status and tax privileges should be examined carefully.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"11l1hdi\" data-start=\"32373\" data-end=\"32414\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">32. Termination, Disputes and Immunity<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"32416\" data-end=\"32454\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A diplomatic lease may end because of:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"32456\" data-end=\"32696\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1k918\" data-start=\"32456\" data-end=\"32465\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Expiry;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wqwi47\" data-start=\"32466\" data-end=\"32480\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Non-renewal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tsv9gk\" data-start=\"32481\" data-end=\"32501\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Early termination;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rj3dwn\" data-start=\"32502\" data-end=\"32520\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Material breach;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xdq4co\" data-start=\"32521\" data-end=\"32542\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Structural defects;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kwavam\" data-start=\"32543\" data-end=\"32563\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Security concerns;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1uzfyux\" data-start=\"32564\" data-end=\"32577\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Relocation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"17xa57i\" data-start=\"32578\" data-end=\"32603\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Closure of the mission;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"112cy5i\" data-start=\"32604\" data-end=\"32644\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Deterioration in diplomatic relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fy80nj\" data-start=\"32645\" data-end=\"32661\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Force majeure;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"iojq33\" data-start=\"32662\" data-end=\"32696\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Governmental prohibition of use.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"32698\" data-end=\"32873\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The lease should include a diplomatic break clause allowing termination in defined institutional circumstances, subject to reasonable notice and an agreed financial mechanism. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Disputes may concern:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"32898\" data-end=\"33038\">\n<li data-section-id=\"179gu5a\" data-start=\"32898\" data-end=\"32905\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Rent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j55w7x\" data-start=\"32906\" data-end=\"32916\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Repairs;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zt1apf\" data-start=\"32917\" data-end=\"32931\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Alterations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"117unfy\" data-start=\"32932\" data-end=\"32952\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Deposit repayment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ppcjmg\" data-start=\"32953\" data-end=\"32962\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Damage;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jz9scj\" data-start=\"32963\" data-end=\"32977\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Restoration;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ndj7a\" data-start=\"32978\" data-end=\"32989\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Eviction;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1f2e6jb\" data-start=\"32990\" data-end=\"32999\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Access;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1b2qf8u\" data-start=\"33000\" data-end=\"33017\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tax allocation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tsv9gx\" data-start=\"33018\" data-end=\"33038\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Early termination.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"33040\" data-end=\"33341\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">State immunity, diplomatic inviolability, jurisdictional immunity and immunity from enforcement must be examined separately. The fact that a property transaction is contractual or commercial does not automatically permit enforcement measures against mission premises or other protected state property.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Appropriate dispute-resolution mechanisms may include negotiation, diplomatic channels, mediation, Turkish court proceedings or arbitration, depending on the parties, the subject matter and mandatory law.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Any waiver of immunity should be drafted with exceptional care. A waiver of jurisdictional immunity should not automatically be treated as a waiver of immunity from enforcement.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"k511qw\" data-start=\"33728\" data-end=\"33764\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">33. Practical Transaction Roadmap<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"33766\" data-end=\"33854\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A well-managed diplomatic property transaction may proceed through the following stages:<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"33856\" data-end=\"33959\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"33856\" data-end=\"33883\">Institutional planning:<\/strong> Define the purpose, budget, location, security needs and acquisition model.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"33961\" data-end=\"34073\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"33961\" data-end=\"33984\">Property selection:<\/strong> Identify candidate premises capable of satisfying operational and planning requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34075\" data-end=\"34185\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34075\" data-end=\"34098\">Preliminary review:<\/strong> Examine title, municipal status, technical condition and landlord or seller authority.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34187\" data-end=\"34321\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34187\" data-end=\"34211\">Security assessment:<\/strong> Determine whether the site is operationally suitable without disclosing sensitive requirements unnecessarily.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34323\" data-end=\"34415\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34323\" data-end=\"34345\">Conditional offer:<\/strong> Record commercial terms without creating an unconditional obligation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34417\" data-end=\"34533\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34417\" data-end=\"34445\">Diplomatic notification:<\/strong> Submit the diplomatic note and supporting documents to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34535\" data-end=\"34634\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34535\" data-end=\"34562\">Detailed due diligence:<\/strong> Complete land registry, zoning, technical, tax and contractual reviews.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34636\" data-end=\"34760\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34636\" data-end=\"34661\">Contract negotiation:<\/strong> Include Ministry approval, payment protection, fit-out rights, tax allocation and exit provisions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34762\" data-end=\"34888\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34762\" data-end=\"34800\">Municipal and technical approvals:<\/strong> Obtain occupancy, renovation, construction or change-of-use permissions where required.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34890\" data-end=\"34989\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34890\" data-end=\"34905\">Completion:<\/strong> Sign final documents, make protected payment and complete registration or delivery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"34991\" data-end=\"35092\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"34991\" data-end=\"35026\">Tax and exemption applications:<\/strong> Obtain formal confirmation rather than assuming automatic relief.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"35094\" data-end=\"35201\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"35094\" data-end=\"35121\">Fit-out and occupation:<\/strong> Complete authorised works, inspections, insurance and operational preparations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"35203\" data-end=\"35300\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"35203\" data-end=\"35229\">Continuing compliance:<\/strong> Maintain permits, records, insurance, repairs and contractor controls.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ivatnv\" data-start=\"35302\" data-end=\"35338\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">34. How B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm Can Assist<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"35340\" data-end=\"35493\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm advises embassies, consulates, international organisations and other foreign representations throughout the diplomatic property lifecycle. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Our services may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"35522\" data-end=\"36264\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1too53r\" data-start=\"35522\" data-end=\"35568\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Preliminary legal and regulatory assessment;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"p3iqe6\" data-start=\"35569\" data-end=\"35622\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Coordination of property-search legal requirements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"egfht\" data-start=\"35623\" data-end=\"35664\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Title deed and cadastral due diligence;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"p4ctvm\" data-start=\"35665\" data-end=\"35713\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Review of zoning, occupancy and permitted use;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wumyrt\" data-start=\"35714\" data-end=\"35764\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Drafting and negotiation of purchase agreements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"twmnsm\" data-start=\"35765\" data-end=\"35813\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Drafting and negotiation of diplomatic leases;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8idlpj\" data-start=\"35814\" data-end=\"35865\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Review of authority and representation documents;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2adord\" data-start=\"35866\" data-end=\"35923\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Assistance with Ministry of Foreign Affairs procedures;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zts9b2\" data-start=\"35924\" data-end=\"35953\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tax and exemption analysis;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"g28ec0\" data-start=\"35954\" data-end=\"36022\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Coordination with engineers, architects and technical consultants;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8mk3mh\" data-start=\"36023\" data-end=\"36063\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Construction and renovation contracts;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xuhhm1\" data-start=\"36064\" data-end=\"36109\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Property-management and service agreements;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s3ev0e\" data-start=\"36110\" data-end=\"36164\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Negotiation with owners, developers and contractors;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ex56bb\" data-start=\"36165\" data-end=\"36220\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Lease termination, settlement and dispute resolution;<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dejf8r\" data-start=\"36221\" data-end=\"36264\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Sale and disposal of diplomatic property.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"36266\" data-end=\"36510\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A coordinated legal, technical and diplomatic process helps ensure that the selected premises are not only commercially attractive but also legally usable, structurally appropriate, secure and sustainable for the mission\u2019s long-term operations.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"8dtpi\" data-start=\"36512\" data-end=\"36525\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">35. Conclusion<\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"36527\" data-end=\"36686\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Buying or leasing real estate for an embassy, consulate or international organisation in T\u00fcrkiye requires more than agreeing on a price and signing a contract.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The transaction should be planned around the intended diplomatic use, the correct institutional party, prior Ministry approval, title and zoning due diligence, structural safety, security requirements, tax treatment and the limits of diplomatic immunity.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A contract signed before these matters are resolved may expose the mission to loss of deposits, unusable premises, permit problems, tax liabilities, construction delays or prolonged disputes.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Early legal and technical coordination enables diplomatic missions to protect public funds, preserve operational continuity and occupy premises that comply with both Turkish law and the applicable diplomatic framework.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"37357\" data-end=\"37613\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><em data-start=\"37357\" data-end=\"37613\" data-is-last-node=\"\">This article provides general information and does not constitute legal advice. Each transaction should be assessed in light of the property, parties, applicable reciprocity, international agreements and Turkish legislation in force at the relevant time.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Introduction Embassies, consulates and international organisations operating in T\u00fcrkiye may need to purchase or lease real estate for a wide range of official and residential purposes. These properties may serve as a chancery, consular office, ambassador\u2019s residence, diplomatic staff housing, cultural centre, trade office, archive, storage facility or other operational premises.\u00a0A diplomatic property transaction [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":31969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"page-fullwidth.php","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,160],"tags":[32190,32286,32287,32231,32178,32210,32176,32264,32227,32189,32188,32278,32193,32192,32284,32234,32246,32276,32235,32240,32219,32204,32280,32217,32275,32180,32214,32195,32199,32282,32239,32271,32248,32216,32171,32182,32185,32269,32267,32191,32253,32173,32259,32207,32255,32243,32209,32257,32186,32250,32245,32242,32220,32251,32196,32263,32197,32279,32218,32203,32183,32012,32244,32208,32268,32187,32194,32198,32233,32270,32247,32215,32281,32260,32181,32205,32184,9692,32179,32266,32249,32254,32252,32277,32258,32206,32200,32262,32273,32201,32274,32202,32272,32236,32225,32211,32265,32285,32213,32232,32230,32224,32221,32283,32261,32172,32175,32241,32256,32177,32222,32174,32223,32212,32226,32237,32238,32229,32228],"class_list":["post-27161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-en","category-insights","tag-ambassador-residence-turkiye","tag-bicak-law-firm-diplomatic-services","tag-bicak-law-firm-real-estate-services","tag-building-permit-turkiye","tag-buying-and-leasing-real-estate-by-embassies-in-turkiye","tag-buying-embassy-property","tag-buying-leasing-embassy-premises-in-turkiye","tag-buying-property-for-embassies","tag-cadastral-records-turkiye","tag-chancery-building","tag-chancery-turkiye","tag-consular-premises-turkiye","tag-consulate-office-turkiye","tag-consulate-property-turkiye","tag-cross-border-real-estate-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-compliance-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-contract-drafting","tag-diplomatic-housing-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-immunity-property","tag-diplomatic-immunity-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-law-firm-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-lease-agreement","tag-diplomatic-lease-termination","tag-diplomatic-legal-services-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-mission-headquarters","tag-diplomatic-missions-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-note-property-approval","tag-diplomatic-premises-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-property-acquisition","tag-diplomatic-property-disposal","tag-diplomatic-property-law","tag-diplomatic-property-lawyers","tag-diplomatic-property-management","tag-diplomatic-property-procedure","tag-diplomatic-property-transactions-under-the-vienna-convention","tag-diplomatic-property-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-real-estate","tag-diplomatic-real-estate-transactions","tag-diplomatic-relocation","tag-diplomatic-residence-turkiye","tag-diplomatic-security","tag-diplomatic-tax-customs-privileges-related-to-real-estate","tag-diplomatic-tax-exemptions","tag-diplomatic-tenancy","tag-earthquake-risk-assessment-turkiye","tag-embassy-arbitration","tag-embassy-building-purchase","tag-embassy-building-safety","tag-embassy-building-turkiye","tag-embassy-construction-turkiye","tag-embassy-contract-drafting","tag-embassy-dispute-resolution","tag-embassy-due-diligence","tag-embassy-fit-out","tag-embassy-headquarters-turkiye","tag-embassy-investment-turkiye","tag-embassy-land-purchase-turkiye","tag-embassy-landlord-issues","tag-embassy-lawyer-turkiye","tag-embassy-lease-agreement-turkiye","tag-embassy-lease-turkiye","tag-embassy-legal-services-turkiye","tag-embassy-mediation","tag-embassy-office-lease","tag-embassy-office-relocation","tag-embassy-office-turkiye","tag-embassy-premises-turkiye","tag-embassy-property-acquisition","tag-embassy-property-compliance","tag-embassy-property-lawyers","tag-embassy-property-management","tag-embassy-property-procedure-turkiye","tag-embassy-property-sale","tag-embassy-property-tax-turkiye","tag-embassy-property-turkiye","tag-embassy-purchase-agreement","tag-embassy-purchase-turkiye","tag-embassy-real-estate-transactions","tag-embassy-real-estate-turkiye","tag-embassy-relocation-turkiye","tag-embassy-renovation-turkiye","tag-embassy-risk-assessment","tag-embassy-security-requirements","tag-embassy-staff-accommodation","tag-embassy-tax-exemptions-turkiye","tag-embassy-tenancy-turkiye","tag-foreign-embassy-property-turkiye","tag-foreign-government-property-turkiye","tag-foreign-government-real-estate","tag-foreign-mission-property-turkiye","tag-host-country-agreement-turkiye","tag-international-organisation-property-turkiye","tag-international-real-estate-law-turkiye","tag-inviolability-of-diplomatic-premises","tag-land-registry-turkiye","tag-leasing-embassy-property","tag-leasing-property-for-embassies","tag-legal-services-for-embassies-in-turkiye","tag-ministry-approval-for-embassies","tag-municipal-approval-turkiye","tag-occupancy-permit-turkiye","tag-property-legal-due-diligence","tag-real-estate-due-diligence-turkiye","tag-real-estate-law-turkiye","tag-reciprocity-diplomatic-property","tag-role-of-the-turkish-ministry-of-foreign-affairs","tag-security-considerations-when-selecting-embassy-premises","tag-state-immunity-property-disputes","tag-structur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