{"id":23896,"date":"2022-01-25T18:31:29","date_gmt":"2022-01-25T15:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=23896"},"modified":"2025-04-02T20:24:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T17:24:12","slug":"insult-defamation-honor-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"

In democratic societies, freedom of expression is a fundamental right – but it is not an absolute one. In Turkey, this freedom is often tested against the legal boundaries established to protect individual dignity, honor, and reputation. Concepts such as insult<\/em> (hakaret<\/em>), defamation<\/em> (iftira<\/em>), and the protection of honor<\/em> (\u015feref ve haysiyet<\/em>) occupy a significant place within both criminal and civil legal frameworks.<\/span><\/p>\n

While these provisions aim to prevent harm to individuals through offensive or false statements, their application has, at times, raised concerns regarding the restriction of legitimate speech -particularly in political, journalistic, and online contexts. The line between personal protection and censorship can be thin, and its interpretation often depends on the broader social and political environment.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Constitution of Turkey contains a catalogue of rights and duties of the individual (Articles 17-40). This catalogue includes, inter alia, the freedom of communication (Article 22), freedom of religion and conscience (Article 24), freedom of thought and opinion (Article 25), freedom of expression and dissemination of thought (Article 26), freedom of the press (Article 28), freedom of association (Article 33) and the right to hold meetings and demonstration marches (Article 34).<\/span><\/p>\n

Penal Code of Turkey<\/span><\/h3>\n

The present Penal Code of Turkey (Law No. 5237) was adopted by the Turkish Grand National Assembly (\u201cthe National Assembly\u201d) on 26 September 2004 and entered into force on 1 June 2005. Full text of the Penal Code of Turkey<\/a> with more than 340 provisions has been translated into English by Professor Dr. Vahit B\u0131\u00e7ak<\/a> and published in 2006 by Se\u00e7kin publishing<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Implementation<\/span><\/h3>\n

The use of insult laws in Turkey is widespread, and on the rise. Employing judicial means to suppress freedom of expression and the press is a growing concern over such practices. One might state that judicial measures seem to be applied against critical voices disproportionately.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cStrategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation\u201d (SLAPP) have becoming more common, in which the wealthy and powerful try to prevent criticism by using existing legal rules and judicial system via insult claims. Rather than winning the case, the aim of SLAPPs is to intimidate the defendants and to deter others critics through the threat of exhausting resources and time. Considering the crucial contributions of acedemia, legal and media professionals and organizations to public debate, practices such as SLAPPS pose a serious threat to freedom of expression.<\/span><\/p>\n

In Turkey, insult charges filed under Art. 299 or other insult charges filed by wealthy business owners, local politicians and other public figures under Art. 125 could be easily classified as SLAPPS, since many lack sufficient basis and evidence.<\/span><\/p>\n

In particular, the lengthy trial procedures in Turkey \u2013 comprising of the first instance court, regional appeal court, Supreme Court of Appeals, and, if applicable, the Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), as well as possible retrials \u2013 could lead to professionals\u2019 being exposed to duress, both materially and psychologically. The acquittal alone would not remedy the damages, pecuniary or non-pecuniary, that the party experienced or the time that has been lost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Relevant Provisions<\/span><\/h3>\n

Article 125, 126, 127, 127, 128, 129, 130 and 131<\/span><\/h3>\n

The Turkish Criminal Code (TCC) regulates the offense of \u201cinsult\u201d under several articles, which foresees a punishment of a monetary fine or up to two years in prison. Accordinly, any person who attributes an act, or fact, to a person in a manner that may impugn that person\u2019s honour, dignity or prestige, or attacks someone\u2019s honour, dignity or prestige by swearing is sentenced to a penalty of imprisonment for a term of three months to two years or a judicial fine. To be culpable for an insult made in the absence of the victim, the act should be committed in the presence of at least three further people. Where the act is committed by means of an oral, written or visual medium message, addressing the victim, the same penalty stated in the above is imposed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Insulting public officer<\/span><\/h3>\n

Where the insult is committed: (a) against a public officer due to the performance of his public duty, (b) because of declaring, altering or disseminating, his religious, political, social or philosophical beliefs, thoughts, or convictions, or practising in accordance with the requirements and prohibitions of a religion he belongs to; or (c) where the subject matter is deemed sacred to the religion the person belongs to, the penalty to be imposed may not be less than one year.<\/span><\/p>\n

Where the insult is committed in public, the penalty to be imposed is increased by one sixth. Where an insult is made which arises from the duties of public officials who are working as a committee, the offence is deemed to have been committed against the all members of that committee. In these circumstances the provisions of the article concerning successive offences (art 43) is applied.<\/span><\/p>\n

Where, during the commission of the offence of insult, the name of the victim is not explicitly mentioned but there is no doubt that the insult was aimed at the victim or where the accusation is unclear but there is no doubt as to its character, then it is assumed that both his name was mentioned and the insult was expressed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proof of the Accusation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Where an accusation, the subject matter of which constitutes a criminal offence of insult, is proven, the person do nor receive any penalty. The accusation is assumed to be proven upon the finalisation of a guilty verdict against the insulted person concerning such accusation. Otherwise, where there is an application to prove the accusation is true the acceptance of such will depend upon whether there is a public interest to determine whether the accusation is true or whether the complainant consents to the process of proving the accusation. Where a person is insulted by referring to an act which has been proven, there will be a penalty. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Immunity of Accusation and Defence<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Where an accusation, or negative remark, is made against a person within the context of written or verbal allegations, or defences, before a judicial or administrative authority, no penalty is imposed. However, it is a requirement that the accusation or remark is based upon actual and real facts and is material to the dispute.<\/span><\/p>\n

Insulting on Account of an Unjust Act or Reciprocal Insult<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Where the insult is committed as a response to a civil tort, a penalty is reduced by up to one third (or not imoposed at all). Where the offence is committed in response to an intentional injury, no penalty is imposed. Where an insult is committed reciprocally, depending upon the nature of the case, the penalty to be imposed on both of them, or one of them, may be reduced by up to one third (or not imposed at all).<\/span><\/p>\n

Insulting the Memory of a Dead Person<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Any person who, in the presence of at least three persons, commits the offence of insult to the memory of a dead person is sentenced to a penalty of imprisonment for a term of three months to two years, or a judicial fine.\u00a0 If the offence of insult is committed publicly the penalty is increased by one sixth. Any person who removes, fully or partially, or makes insulting statements about, the body or bones of a person, is sentenced to a penalty of imprisonment for a term of three months to two years.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conditions for Investigation and Prosecution of insult <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Excluding those offences committed against a public officer on account of his duty, the investigation and prosecution of an offence of insult is subject to the filing of a complaint by the victim. If the victim dies before filing the complaint, or if the offence is committed against the memory of a deceased person, a complaint may be filed by the ascendants or\u00a0 descendants of the deceased (up to the second degree) or by his spouse or siblings.<\/span><\/p>\n

Insulting the President<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

The crime of \u201cinsulting the president\u201d is separated out under Article 299 of Turkish Criminal Code and carries a higher sentence of up to four years in prison. In other words, the law on insulting the president carries a jail sentence of between one and four years. Where the offence is committed in public, the sentence to be imposed is increased by one sixth. The initiation of a prosecution for such offence is subject to the permission of the Minister of Justice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tens of thousands have been charged and sentenced over the crime of insulting the current president of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the seven years since he moved from being prime minister to president. In 2020, 31,297 investigations were launched in relation to the charge, 7,790 cases were filed, and 3,325 resulted in convictions, according to the Turkish Justice Ministry data. Those numbers were slightly lower than the previous year. Since 2014, the year Erdo\u011fan became president, 160,169 investigations have been launched over insulting the president, 35,507 cases were filed and there were 12,881 convictions. These figures Show that there is a widened practice of court cases for alleged insult against the President being launched against academics, journalists, writers, social media users and other members of the public, which may end in prison sentences, suspended sentences or punitive fines.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conferring a special protection to Heads of State, shielding them from criticism solely on account of their function or status, cannot be reconciled with modern practice and political conceptions. The developments in Europe indicate that there is an emerging consensus that states should either decriminalise defamation of the Head of State, or limit this offence to the most serious forms of verbal attacks against heads of States while at the same time restricting the range of sanctions to those not involving imprisonment.<\/span><\/p>\n

Insulting Flags, Symbols and Representatives of Foreign States<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

The Turkish Criminal Code also addresses the insulting of foreign flags and symbols of foreign states (Article 341). Accordingly, any person who publicly defames an officially flying flag of a foreign state or other symbol of its sovereignty is sentenced to a penalty of imprisonment for a term of three months to one year. The commencement of an investigation and prosecution for this offence is subject to a complaint by the relevant state.<\/span><\/p>\n

Any person who is a temporary or permanent representative of a foreign state in Turkey, or is part of such person\u2019s diplomatic staff or a person representing an international institution (and their staff) who has diplomatic privileges and immunity is considered as if they were public officers in relation to any offence committed against them as a result of their duty, and any person who commits such an offence is subject to a penalty according to the relevant provisions of the Turkish Criminal Code. Where the offence committed is insult, the commencement of an investigation and prosecution is subject to victim\u2019s complaint.<\/span><\/p>\n

The application of the provisions related to insulting flags, symbols and representatives of foreign states depends on a reciprocal application in the related country.<\/span><\/p>\n

International and European Human Rights Standards<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Turkey is obligated to create a favourable environment for freedom of expression and press to be exercised effectively and to not subject right holders to unjustified interference. Therefore, the state must eliminate and remedy all practices that run counter to freedom of expression.<\/span><\/p>\n

Freedom of Expression <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Turkey is a State party to all major international human rights instruments, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR).<\/span><\/p>\n

Freedom of expression is guaranteed by Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19 ICCPR and Article 10 ECHR. However, the exercise of the right to freedom of expression may be subject to restrictions. Such restrictions have to meet the requirements foreseen in Article 10(2) ECHR and in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph 3 of Article 19 ICCPR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Legality <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

The restriction has to be \u201cprescribed by law\u201d (Art. 10(2) ECHR and 19(3) ICCPR). The Law has to be adequately accessible and foreseeable, i.e. \u201cformulated with sufficient precision to enable the citizen to regulate his conduct\u201d. There must be \u201ca measure of legal protection in domestic law against arbitrary interferences by public authorities with the rights safeguarded by the Convention\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Legitimacy<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

The restriction has to pursue a legitimate aim. The exhaustive list of such legitimate aims is provided in Article 10(2) ECHR and 19(3) ICCPR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Necessity in a democratic society<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

The restriction has to respond to \u201ca clear, pressing and specific social need\u201d and be \u201cproportionate to the legitimate aim pursued\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Case-law<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

The European Court of Human Rights and the UN Human Rights Committee have a very rich case-law on the interpretation and application of Article 10 ECHR and Article 19 ICCPR respectively. In this context, the ECtHR has repeatedly assessed the provisions related to insult of the Penal Code of Turkey.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the 1976 Strasbourg case\u00a0Handyside v United Kingdom<\/em><\/a>, the European Court of Human Rights provided guidance on the scope of Article 10, confirming that it protects the right to say things that \u201coffend, shock or disturb the State or any sector of the population<\/em>\u201d. One should note that the ability of citizens to critique their government without fear of reprisal is essential to democracy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Legal harassment<\/span><\/h3>\n

Notably, there is a need for the repeal of all criminal insult laws due to the ease with which they can be abused.<\/span><\/p>\n

One might observe that there is a highly dangerous trend of using the judiciary to put the society under intense pressure. Cases which lack sufficient reasoning and justification demonstrate the arbitrary, yet systematic, nature of the ongoing legal harassment against many segments of society in Turkey. This systematic intimidation causes entellectuals to be affected, both mentally and financially, thereby leading to expand existing practice of self-censorship.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a9\u00a0Att. Prof. Dr. Vahit B\u0131\u00e7ak<\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In democratic societies, freedom of expression is a fundamental right – but it is not an absolute one. In Turkey, this freedom is often tested against the legal boundaries established to protect individual dignity, honor, and reputation. Concepts such as insult (hakaret), defamation (iftira), and the protection of honor (\u015feref ve haysiyet) occupy a significant […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":23898,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"page-fullwidth.php","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,160],"tags":[13781,13767,13768,13762,13775,13778,13765,13776,13779,13783,13774,13782,13761,1276,13770,1280,1285,1284,1286,1283,1281,13780,1278,13771,1279,1282,13769,1277,13772,1275,13764,13773,13763,13777,13766,1255],"class_list":["post-23896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-en","category-insights","tag-bicak-law-firm-defamation-legal-services","tag-criminal-insult-turkey","tag-defamation-criminal-law-turkey","tag-defamation-law-turkey","tag-defamation-lawsuits-turkey","tag-european-court-of-human-rights-turkey","tag-freedom-of-expression-turkey","tag-freedom-of-speech-and-insult-turkey","tag-hate-speech-vs-insult-turkey","tag-human-rights-law-turkey","tag-insult-against-public-officials-turkey","tag-insult-and-expression-limits-turkey","tag-insult-law-turkey","tag-insult-laws-of-turkey","tag-insult-on-social-media-turkey","tag-insulting-dead-person","tag-insulting-flags-of-foreign-states","tag-insulting-representatives-of-foreign-states","tag-insulting-symbols-of-foreign-states","tag-insulting-the-president","tag-investigation-of-insult","tag-legal-remedies-for-defamation-turkey","tag-lengthy-trial-turkey","tag-online-defamation-turkey","tag-proof-of-the-accusation","tag-prosecution-of-insult","tag-protection-of-honor-in-turkey","tag-turkey-insult-charges","tag-turkish-civil-code-honor","tag-turkish-criminal-code","tag-turkish-defamation-cases","tag-turkish-insult-cases","tag-turkish-insult-law","tag-turkish-law-on-dignity-and-reputation","tag-turkish-penal-code-insult","tag-victim-of-crimes-turkey"],"yoast_head":"\nInsult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey | B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"insult laws Turkey defamation Turkish cases freedom expression Penal Code honor social media lawsuit dignity reputation attorney lawyer law\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey %\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In democratic societies, freedom of expression is a fundamental right - but it is not an absolute one. In Turkey, this freedom is often tested against the\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bicakhukuk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-25T15:31:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-02T17:24:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/insult.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"914\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@BicakHukuk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@BicakHukuk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"14 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3ffbc31864ec806febdc7f57e5eae117\"},\"headline\":\"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-25T15:31:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-02T17:24:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2254,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/insult.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm defamation legal services\",\"criminal insult Turkey\",\"defamation criminal law Turkey\",\"defamation law Turkey\",\"defamation lawsuits Turkey\",\"European Court of Human Rights Turkey\",\"freedom of expression Turkey\",\"freedom of speech and insult Turkey\",\"hate speech vs insult Turkey\",\"human rights law Turkey\",\"insult against public officials Turkey\",\"insult and expression limits Turkey\",\"insult law Turkey\",\"Insult Laws of Turkey\",\"insult on social media Turkey\",\"Insulting Dead Person\",\"Insulting Flags of Foreign States\",\"Insulting Representatives of Foreign States\",\"Insulting Symbols of Foreign States\",\"Insulting the President\",\"Investigation of insult\",\"legal remedies for defamation Turkey\",\"lengthy trial Turkey\",\"online defamation Turkey\",\"Proof of the Accusation\",\"Prosecution of insult\",\"protection of honor in Turkey\",\"Turkey insult charges\",\"Turkish civil code honor\",\"Turkish Criminal Code\",\"Turkish defamation cases\",\"Turkish insult cases\",\"Turkish insult law\",\"Turkish law on dignity and reputation\",\"Turkish Penal Code insult\",\"victim of crimes Turkey\"],\"articleSection\":[\"@en\",\"Insights\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/\",\"name\":\"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey | B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/insult.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-25T15:31:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-02T17:24:12+00:00\",\"description\":\"insult laws Turkey defamation Turkish cases freedom expression Penal Code honor social media lawsuit dignity reputation attorney lawyer law\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/insult.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/insult.jpg\",\"width\":1300,\"height\":914,\"caption\":\"insult laws Turkey defamation Turkish cases freedom expression Penal Code honor social media lawsuit dignity reputation attorney lawyer law\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ana sayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk\",\"description\":\"T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli Global Hukuk B\u00fcrosu\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk, Ankara Avukat, Ankara Hukuk B\u00fcrosu\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Organization\",\"Place\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk | T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli Global Hukuk Firmas\u0131\",\"alternateName\":\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk, Ankara Avukat, Ankara Hukuk B\u00fcrosu\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#local-main-organization-logo\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#local-main-organization-logo\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/bicakhukuk\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/BicakHukuk\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/bicakhukuk\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/tr.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/b-ak-law-firm\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UCodktEWFyJmIp3i1BH9aM2A\\\/\"],\"description\":\"K\u00fcresel, b\u00f6lgesel ve ulusal \u015firketlere, kurulu\u015flara ve ki\u015filere uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131m\u0131zda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00f6nleyici hukuk dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ise arabuluculuk, arabuluculukta taraf vekilli\u011fi, mahkemelerde taraf vekilli\u011fi ve avukatl\u0131k, tahkim hakemli\u011fi, tahkimde taraf vekilli\u011fi, hukuki konularda m\u00fctalaa ve hukuki konularda e\u011fitim hizmetleri vermekteyiz. Uluslararas\u0131, b\u00f6lgesel ve ulusal hukuka ili\u015fkin inceleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve tecr\u00fcbeye dayal\u0131 hukuk hizmetlerimizi sunarken teknolojinin imkan sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rsel (video konferans) veya i\u015fitsel (sesli konferans) ileti\u015fim teknolojilerinin elverdi\u011fi t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131 kullanmaktay\u0131z. Dan\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131m\u0131z veya m\u00fcvekkillerimiz, D\u00fcnyan\u0131n, b\u00f6lgemizin veya \u00fclkemizin neresinde olurlarsa olsunlar hizmetlerimizden uzaktan eri\u015fim yoluyla yararlanabilmektedir. Muhtemel ihtilaflar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek veya en aza indirmek gayesiyle m\u00fcvekkillerimize sundu\u011fumuz dinamik, etkili ve \u00f6nleyici dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmetlerimizin yan\u0131nda, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde arabuluculuk, tahkim veya mahkemelerde dava takibi hizmetleri de sunmaktay\u0131z. Ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131, do\u011fru bilgiye h\u0131zl\u0131 eri\u015fimdir. M\u00fcvekkil ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 tam ve eksiksiz tan\u0131mlayarak y\u00fcksek standartlarda, kaliteli, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7 odakl\u0131 esas\u0131na dayanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 benimsemi\u015f bulunuyoruz. G\u00fcvenilirlik, itibar, etik de\u011ferler ve kalite standartlar\u0131 gibi unsurlar, vazge\u00e7ilmezlerimiz olu\u015fturur.\",\"legalName\":\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk\",\"foundingDate\":\"2002-01-01\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"1\",\"maxValue\":\"10\"},\"address\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#local-main-place-address\"},\"geo\":{\"@type\":\"GeoCoordinates\",\"latitude\":\"39.90985903589262\",\"longitude\":\"32.81218744448808\"},\"telephone\":[\"0 (312) 473 39 60\",\"0 (553) 223 32 90\"],\"openingHoursSpecification\":[{\"@type\":\"OpeningHoursSpecification\",\"dayOfWeek\":[\"Monday\",\"Tuesday\",\"Wednesday\",\"Thursday\",\"Friday\",\"Saturday\"],\"opens\":\"08:00\",\"closes\":\"18:00\"},{\"@type\":\"OpeningHoursSpecification\",\"dayOfWeek\":[\"Sunday\"],\"opens\":\"00:00\",\"closes\":\"00:00\"}],\"email\":\"iletisim@bicakhukuk.com\",\"faxNumber\":\"0 (312) 473 39 62\",\"areaServed\":\"Hukuk\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3ffbc31864ec806febdc7f57e5eae117\",\"name\":\"Admin\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/vahit-bicak\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"PostalAddress\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#local-main-place-address\",\"streetAddress\":\"Next Level Loft Ofis, Kat 9-10, Daire 29, K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak Mahallesi, Ufuk \u00dcniversitesi Caddesi S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00f6z\u00fc \\\/ \u00c7ankaya\",\"addressLocality\":\"Ankara\",\"postalCode\":\"06530\",\"addressCountry\":\"TR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/en\\\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\\\/#local-main-organization-logo\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/bicak_hukuk_logo_kare.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bicakhukuk.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/bicak_hukuk_logo_kare.png\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":2000,\"caption\":\"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk | T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli Global Hukuk Firmas\u0131\"}]}<\/script>\n<meta name=\"geo.placename\" content=\"Ankara\" \/>\n<meta name=\"geo.position\" content=\"39.90985903589262;32.81218744448808\" \/>\n<meta name=\"geo.region\" content=\"Turkey\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey | B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm","description":"insult laws Turkey defamation Turkish cases freedom expression Penal Code honor social media lawsuit dignity reputation attorney lawyer law","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey %","og_description":"In democratic societies, freedom of expression is a fundamental right - but it is not an absolute one. In Turkey, this freedom is often tested against the","og_url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/","og_site_name":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bicakhukuk","article_published_time":"2022-01-25T15:31:29+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-04-02T17:24:12+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1300,"height":914,"url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/insult.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@BicakHukuk","twitter_site":"@BicakHukuk","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Admin","Est. reading time":"14 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/"},"author":{"name":"Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/3ffbc31864ec806febdc7f57e5eae117"},"headline":"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey","datePublished":"2022-01-25T15:31:29+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-02T17:24:12+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/"},"wordCount":2254,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/insult.jpg","keywords":["B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm defamation legal services","criminal insult Turkey","defamation criminal law Turkey","defamation law Turkey","defamation lawsuits Turkey","European Court of Human Rights Turkey","freedom of expression Turkey","freedom of speech and insult Turkey","hate speech vs insult Turkey","human rights law Turkey","insult against public officials Turkey","insult and expression limits Turkey","insult law Turkey","Insult Laws of Turkey","insult on social media Turkey","Insulting Dead Person","Insulting Flags of Foreign States","Insulting Representatives of Foreign States","Insulting Symbols of Foreign States","Insulting the President","Investigation of insult","legal remedies for defamation Turkey","lengthy trial Turkey","online defamation Turkey","Proof of the Accusation","Prosecution of insult","protection of honor in Turkey","Turkey insult charges","Turkish civil code honor","Turkish Criminal Code","Turkish defamation cases","Turkish insult cases","Turkish insult law","Turkish law on dignity and reputation","Turkish Penal Code insult","victim of crimes Turkey"],"articleSection":["@en","Insights"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/","url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/","name":"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey | B\u0131\u00e7ak Law Firm","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/insult.jpg","datePublished":"2022-01-25T15:31:29+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-02T17:24:12+00:00","description":"insult laws Turkey defamation Turkish cases freedom expression Penal Code honor social media lawsuit dignity reputation attorney lawyer law","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/insult.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/insult.jpg","width":1300,"height":914,"caption":"insult laws Turkey defamation Turkish cases freedom expression Penal Code honor social media lawsuit dignity reputation attorney lawyer law"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ana sayfa","item":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Insult, Defamation, Honor: Laws of Turkey"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/","name":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk","description":"T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli Global Hukuk B\u00fcrosu","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk, Ankara Avukat, Ankara Hukuk B\u00fcrosu","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Organization","Place"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#organization","name":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk | T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli Global Hukuk Firmas\u0131","alternateName":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk, Ankara Avukat, Ankara Hukuk B\u00fcrosu","url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/","logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#local-main-organization-logo"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#local-main-organization-logo"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bicakhukuk","https:\/\/x.com\/BicakHukuk","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/bicakhukuk\/","https:\/\/tr.linkedin.com\/company\/b-ak-law-firm","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCodktEWFyJmIp3i1BH9aM2A\/"],"description":"K\u00fcresel, b\u00f6lgesel ve ulusal \u015firketlere, kurulu\u015flara ve ki\u015filere uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131m\u0131zda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00f6nleyici hukuk dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ise arabuluculuk, arabuluculukta taraf vekilli\u011fi, mahkemelerde taraf vekilli\u011fi ve avukatl\u0131k, tahkim hakemli\u011fi, tahkimde taraf vekilli\u011fi, hukuki konularda m\u00fctalaa ve hukuki konularda e\u011fitim hizmetleri vermekteyiz. Uluslararas\u0131, b\u00f6lgesel ve ulusal hukuka ili\u015fkin inceleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve tecr\u00fcbeye dayal\u0131 hukuk hizmetlerimizi sunarken teknolojinin imkan sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rsel (video konferans) veya i\u015fitsel (sesli konferans) ileti\u015fim teknolojilerinin elverdi\u011fi t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131 kullanmaktay\u0131z. Dan\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131m\u0131z veya m\u00fcvekkillerimiz, D\u00fcnyan\u0131n, b\u00f6lgemizin veya \u00fclkemizin neresinde olurlarsa olsunlar hizmetlerimizden uzaktan eri\u015fim yoluyla yararlanabilmektedir. Muhtemel ihtilaflar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek veya en aza indirmek gayesiyle m\u00fcvekkillerimize sundu\u011fumuz dinamik, etkili ve \u00f6nleyici dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmetlerimizin yan\u0131nda, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde arabuluculuk, tahkim veya mahkemelerde dava takibi hizmetleri de sunmaktay\u0131z. Ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131, do\u011fru bilgiye h\u0131zl\u0131 eri\u015fimdir. M\u00fcvekkil ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 tam ve eksiksiz tan\u0131mlayarak y\u00fcksek standartlarda, kaliteli, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7 odakl\u0131 esas\u0131na dayanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 benimsemi\u015f bulunuyoruz. G\u00fcvenilirlik, itibar, etik de\u011ferler ve kalite standartlar\u0131 gibi unsurlar, vazge\u00e7ilmezlerimiz olu\u015fturur.","legalName":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk","foundingDate":"2002-01-01","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"1","maxValue":"10"},"address":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#local-main-place-address"},"geo":{"@type":"GeoCoordinates","latitude":"39.90985903589262","longitude":"32.81218744448808"},"telephone":["0 (312) 473 39 60","0 (553) 223 32 90"],"openingHoursSpecification":[{"@type":"OpeningHoursSpecification","dayOfWeek":["Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"opens":"08:00","closes":"18:00"},{"@type":"OpeningHoursSpecification","dayOfWeek":["Sunday"],"opens":"00:00","closes":"00:00"}],"email":"iletisim@bicakhukuk.com","faxNumber":"0 (312) 473 39 62","areaServed":"Hukuk"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/3ffbc31864ec806febdc7f57e5eae117","name":"Admin","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/author\/vahit-bicak\/"},{"@type":"PostalAddress","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#local-main-place-address","streetAddress":"Next Level Loft Ofis, Kat 9-10, Daire 29, K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak Mahallesi, Ufuk \u00dcniversitesi Caddesi S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00f6z\u00fc \/ \u00c7ankaya","addressLocality":"Ankara","postalCode":"06530","addressCountry":"TR"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/insult-defamation-honor-turkey\/#local-main-organization-logo","url":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bicak_hukuk_logo_kare.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bicak_hukuk_logo_kare.png","width":2000,"height":2000,"caption":"B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk | T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli Global Hukuk Firmas\u0131"}]},"geo.placename":"Ankara","geo.position":{"lat":"39.90985903589262","long":"32.81218744448808"},"geo.region":"Turkey"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23896"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23896\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}