{"id":23193,"date":"2021-04-12T23:42:44","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T20:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=23193"},"modified":"2026-03-24T01:00:14","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T22:00:14","slug":"abdnin-iran-ambargosunun-ihlali-halkbank-davasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/abdnin-iran-ambargosunun-ihlali-halkbank-davasi\/","title":{"rendered":"ABD’nin \u0130ran Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlali: Halkbank Davas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Halkbank davas\u0131, ABD\u2019de t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin ceza sorumlulu\u011fu<\/a> ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki yapt\u0131r\u0131m ve uyum \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin kesi\u015fti\u011fi istisnai bir \u00f6rnek sunuyor. Dosyada tart\u0131\u015fma, bir yandan ABD ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda delil standard\u0131, kurumsal isnat ve olas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar; di\u011fer yandan FSIA\u2019n\u0131n ceza davalar\u0131na uygulanmamas\u0131 ve team\u00fcl hukuku (common law) dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u015fekilleniyor. Bu analiz, yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fc ve i\u00e7tihad\u0131n g\u00fcncel durumunu \u00f6zetlerken; bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve d\u0131\u015f ticaret akt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7in UBO tespiti, son kullan\u0131m kontrolleri, s\u00f6zle\u015fmesel yapt\u0131r\u0131m klozlar\u0131 ve muhabir bankac\u0131l\u0131k beklentileri gibi pratik uyum ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131na odaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

New York G\u00fcney B\u00f6lge Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130ran’a uygulanan ambargonun \/ yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n delinmesinde rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle T\u00fcrkiye merkezli Halkbank hakk\u0131nda bir iddianame<\/a> haz\u0131rlad\u0131. 45 sayfal\u0131k iddianamede<\/a>, hisselerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun T\u00fcrk devletine ait oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekilen Halkbank’a aralar\u0131nda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/a> ve kara para aklaman\u0131n<\/a> da oldu\u011fu 6 farkl\u0131 su\u00e7lama y\u00f6neltiliyor. <\/span>\u0130ddianamede \u0130ran’a y\u00f6nelik yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n delinmesi i\u00e7in kuruldu\u011fu iddia edilen sistemin T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00fcst d\u00fczey yetkilileri taraf\u0131ndan da desteklenip korundu\u011fu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Savc\u0131l\u0131k, Halkbank hakk\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan iddianame ve dava s\u00fcrecinin, eski Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mehmet Hakan Atilla’n\u0131n yarg\u0131lanma s\u00fcrecinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bilgilere dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0130ddialar<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130ddianamede, ABD’nin n\u00fckleer program\u0131 nedeniyle \u0130ran’a uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n delinmesi amac\u0131yla y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren ve toplam boyutu milyarlarca dolara ula\u015fan bir d\u00fczenin par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan birinin Halkbank oldu\u011fu iddia edildi. \u0130ddianamede, \u0130ran’a uygulanan ve ABD finans sistemine eri\u015fimini k\u0131s\u0131tlayan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde kurulan paravan \u015firketler \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan i\u015flemlerle delindi\u011fi \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca, kuruldu\u011fu iddia edilen sistemle, \u0130ran h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin petrol ve do\u011falgaz sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi ancak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar nedeniyle \u00fclkesine sokamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gelirin de ba\u015fta alt\u0131n olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli ticari i\u015flemlerle \u0130ran’a aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. \u0130ddianamede, “Halkbank, bilerek kurulan bu d\u00fczene yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu, ABD’li d\u00fczenleyici kurumlar\u0131 ve yabanc\u0131 bankalar\u0131 aldatmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan hileli i\u015flemlerin tasarlanmas\u0131na dahil oldu ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lere kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ilgili ABD’li d\u00fczenleyici kurumlara yalan s\u00f6yledi<\/em>” denilmektedir.\u00a0<\/span>Halkbank’\u0131n Hazine Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere ABD’li kurumlara konuyla ilgili yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi verdi\u011fi de iddianamede yer alan bir ba\u015fka iddia. \u0130ddialar\u0131n temelinde Halkbank’\u0131n ABD’nin \u0130ran’a y\u00f6nelik yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 delmek i\u00e7in tasarlanan hileli faaliyetlere kat\u0131lmas\u0131 yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Geoffrey Berman<\/span><\/h3>\n
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\u0130ddianameyi haz\u0131rlayan isimlerden biri olan New York G\u00fcney B\u00f6lge Savc\u0131s\u0131 Geoffrey Berman, Halkbank’\u0131n \u0130ran’\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na olacak \u015fekilde, ABD yasalar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara tabi olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren baz\u0131 i\u015flemler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti. Bu i\u015flemler, “\u0130ran’\u0131n petrol ve do\u011falgaz sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi ve Halkbank’ta tuttu\u011fu paralar\u0131n yap\u0131lan alt\u0131n al\u0131mlar\u0131yla \u0130ran H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’ne aktar\u0131lmas\u0131, ayn\u0131 paralar\u0131n ‘ikili ticaret’ kurallar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u0130ran’a sat\u0131lmas\u0131 yasak olan alt\u0131n\u0131n ihra\u00e7 edilmesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u0130ran’a sokulmas\u0131 yasak olan mallar\u0131n ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131r\u0131m kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan ila\u00e7 ve g\u0131da al\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6steren sahte i\u015flemlere arac\u0131 olunmas\u0131<\/em>” olarak s\u0131raland\u0131.\u00a0<\/span>\u0130ddianamede, bu y\u00f6ntemlerle, Halkbank k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara tabi olan 20 milyar dolarl\u0131k fonun \u0130ran’a yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u015fekilde aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade ediliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Halkbank’a y\u00f6neltilen su\u00e7lamalar\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n
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