{"id":1719,"date":"2014-10-06T15:10:50","date_gmt":"2014-10-06T12:10:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=1719"},"modified":"2025-03-31T20:39:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T17:39:44","slug":"hastanin-vucudunda-yabanci-cisim-birakilmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/en\/hastanin-vucudunda-yabanci-cisim-birakilmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Hastan\u0131n v\u00fccudunda yabanc\u0131 cisim b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hastan\u0131n v\u00fccudunda yabanc\u0131 cisim b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan en ciddi ihmallerden biri olup, hem hekim hem de hastane a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hukuki ve cezai sorumlulu\u011fu g\u00fcndeme getiren \u00f6nemli bir t\u0131bbi hata t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6ZET: <\/span><\/h3>\n

Davac\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 hastanede di\u011fer daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan ameliyat edildi\u011fi, rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devam etmesi \u00fczerine ba\u015fka bir doktor taraf\u0131ndan ikinci kez ameliyat edildi\u011fi ve birinci ameliyat\u0131nda v\u00fccudunda yabanc\u0131 cisim unutuldu\u011fu ve kalitesiz malzeme kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, burada bilirki\u015fi incelemesine dahi gidilmeksizin daval\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda tazminat \u00f6deme karar\u0131 verilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y.HGK E: 2010\/13-717 K: 2011\/129 T: 13.04.2011<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u201c\u2026Davac\u0131, 28.02.2001 tarihinde daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan daval\u0131 hastanede over kisti ameliyat\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ameliyat sonras\u0131nda \u015fikayetlerinin devam etti\u011fini, daval\u0131 doktorun bu duruma kay\u0131ts\u0131z kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fka doktorlara muayene oldu\u011funu ameliyat \u00f6nerilmesi nedeniyle yeniden ameliyat olmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ikinci<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

ameliyat ile \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan yabanc\u0131 cisim \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan laboratuar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda 4 adet pamuk elyaf\u0131na rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fini, daval\u0131 doktorun kusuru nedeniyle ikinci ameliyat\u0131 olmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek 3.000 YTL maddi tazminat ile 50.000.000.000 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n olay tarihinden itibaren yasal<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

faizi ile tahsilini istemi\u015ftir. Daval\u0131lar, kendilerine y\u00fcklenecek herhangi bir kusur bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunarak<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesini dilemi\u015flerdir.Mahkemece, al\u0131nan Adli T\u0131p 3. \u0130htisas Kurulu raporu Y\u00fcksek \u00a0Sa\u011fl\u0131k Kurulu raporu ve Tabip Odas\u0131 Onur Kurulu\u2019nca yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturmalar neticesinde daval\u0131lar\u0131n kusuru bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015f; h\u00fck\u00fcm, davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Bir davada dayan\u0131lan maddi olgular\u0131 hukuksal a\u00e7\u0131dan nitelendirmek ve uygulanacak yasa h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini bulmak ve uygulamak HUMK. 76. Maddesi gere\u011fi do\u011frudan hakimin g\u00f6revidir. Davac\u0131, daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ameliyat nedeniyle ameliyat edilen b\u00f6lgede yabanc\u0131 cisim b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yeniden ameliyat olmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek maddi ve manevi tazminat istenmi\u015ftir. Davan\u0131n temeli vekillik s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi olup, \u00f6zen borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (BK. 386-390) Vekil vekalet g\u00f6revine konu i\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fcrken y\u00f6neldi\u011fi sonucun elde edilmemesinden sorumlu de\u011fil ise de, bu sonuca ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00e7aban\u0131n, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemlerin, eylemlerin ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6zenli olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan do\u011fan zararlardan dolay\u0131 sorumludur. Vekilin sorumlulu\u011fu, genel olarak i\u015f\u00e7inin sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Vekil i\u015f\u00e7i gibi \u00f6zenle davranmak zorunda olup, en hafif kusurundan bile sorumludur (BK.321\/1.md.) O nedenle doktorun meslek alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde olan b\u00fct\u00fcn kusurlar\u0131, hafif de olsa, sorumlulu\u011fun unsuru olarak kabul edilmelidir. Doktor, hastas\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmemesi i\u00e7in, mesleki t\u00fcm \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirmek, hastan\u0131n durumunu t\u0131bbi a\u00e7\u0131dan zaman\u0131nda ve gecikmeksizin saptay\u0131p, somut durumun gerektirdi\u011fi \u00f6nlemleri eksiksiz bi\u00e7imde almak, uygun tedaviyi de yine gecikmeden belirleyip uygulamak zorundad\u0131r. Asgari d\u00fczeyde dahi olsa, bir teredd\u00fct do\u011furan durumlar da, bu teredd\u00fct\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131racak ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmak ve bu arada da, koruyucu tedbirleri almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u015fitli tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri aras\u0131nda bir se\u00e7im yap\u0131l\u0131rken, hastan\u0131n ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmak, onu risk alt\u0131na sokacak tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmak ve en E\u2026 yol se\u00e7ilmelidir. Ger\u00e7ekten de m\u00fcvekkil (hasta), mesleki bir i\u015f g\u00f6ren doktor olan vekilden, tedavinin b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015famalar\u0131nda titiz bir ihtimam ve dikkat g\u00f6stermesini beklemek hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Gereken \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermeyen vekil, BK.nun 394\/1. Maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fc uyar\u0131nca, vakaleti gere\u011fi gibi ifa etmemi\u015f say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u0131bb\u0131n gerek ve kurallar\u0131na uygun davran\u0131lmakla birlikte sonu\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015f ise doktor sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Somut olayda, davac\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 hastanede daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan ameliyat edildi\u011fi, davac\u0131n\u0131n ameliyat sonras\u0131nda \u015fikayetlerinin devam etmesi nedeniyle ikinci defa ameliyat oldu\u011fu ve ameliyat ile \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan yabanc\u0131 cisim i\u00e7erisinde 4 adet pamuk lifinin bulundu\u011fu Adli T\u0131p 3. \u0130htisas Kurulu raporu, Y\u00fcksek Sa\u011fl\u0131k Kurulu raporu ve Tabip Odas\u0131 Onur kurulunca yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturmalar sonucunda al\u0131nan raporlarla da kabul edildi\u011fi gibi, bu husus daval\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmemekle kesinle\u015fti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle olunca yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan kurallar gere\u011fince mesle\u011fi doktor olan daval\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccut i\u00e7erisine girecek yabanc\u0131 cisimlere kar\u015f\u0131 v\u00fccudun tepki g\u00f6sterece\u011fini bilmemesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda bilirki\u015fi raporuyla saptanaca\u011f\u0131 gibi kalitesiz malzeme kullanmas\u0131 (al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi raporlar\u0131ndan) nedeniyle v\u00fccutta yabanc\u0131 cisim unutulmas\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

ba\u015f\u0131na kusur say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi, bunun doktorun g\u00f6sterece\u011fi \u00f6zenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu kabul etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Mahkemece davac\u0131n\u0131n delilleri toplanarak tazminat konusunda karar verilmesi gerekirken aksi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde karar verilmesi usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup bozma gerekir\u2026\u201d)<\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Gerek\u00e7esiyle bozulmas\u0131na karar verilerek dosya yerine geri \u00e7evrilmekle yeniden yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda; mahkemece \u00f6nceki kararda direnilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

HUKUK GENEL KURULU KARARI<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hukuk Genel Kurulu\u2019nca incelenerek direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresinde temyiz edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan ve dosyadaki ka\u011f\u0131tlar okunduktan sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/span><\/p>\n

Dava, davac\u0131n\u0131n tedavisini \u00fcstlenen daval\u0131 doktorun kusuru nedeniyle olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n giderilmesine y\u00f6nelik maddi ve manevi tazminat istemine ili\u015fkindir. Mahkemece, daval\u0131lara atfedilecek bir kusur bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esi ile davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Davac\u0131n\u0131n temyizi \u00fczerine mahkemece verilen karar yukarda a\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle bozulmu\u015f, Yerel Mahkemece \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmde direnilmi\u015ftir. H\u00fckm\u00fc temyize Davac\u0131 vekili getirmektedir. Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve toplanan delillere g\u00f6re; davac\u0131n\u0131n 28.02.2001 tarihinde daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan di\u011fer daval\u0131 Hastanede ameliyat edildi\u011fi, sonras\u0131nda karn\u0131nda \u015fikayetlerinin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, en son olarak da 11.02.2002 tarihinde di\u011fer bir Hastanede ba\u015fka bir doktor taraf\u0131ndan ameliyat edildi\u011fi ve al\u0131nan par\u00e7an\u0131n patalojik incelemesi neticesinde, yabanc\u0131 cisimle birlikte pamuk elyaf\u0131n\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hukuk Genel Kurulu \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k, davac\u0131n\u0131n karn\u0131ndan yabanc\u0131 madde ile pamuk elyaf\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 eyleminde daval\u0131lar\u0131n kusurlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131nda toplanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6zel daire bozma ilam\u0131nda da de\u011finildi\u011fi \u00fczere, davan\u0131n temeli vekillik s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi olup, dava \u00f6zen borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (818 say\u0131l\u0131 Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\/BK md.386-390). Vekil vekalet g\u00f6revine konu i\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fcrken y\u00f6neldi\u011fi sonucun elde edilmemesinden sorumlu de\u011fil ise de, bu sonuca ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00e7aban\u0131n, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemlerin, eylemlerin ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6zenli olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan do\u011fan zararlardan dolay\u0131 sorumludur. Vekilin sorumlulu\u011fu, genel olarak i\u015f\u00e7inin sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Vekil i\u015f\u00e7i gibi \u00f6zenle davranmak zorunda olup, en hafif kusurundan bile sorumludur (BK.321\/1 md.) O nedenle doktorun meslek alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde olan b\u00fct\u00fcn kusurlar\u0131, hafif de olsa, sorumlulu\u011fun unsuru olarak kabul edilmelidir. Gereken \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermeyen vekil, BK\u2019n\u0131n 394\/1 maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fc uyar\u0131nca, vekaleti gere\u011fi gibi ifa etmemi\u015f say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u0131bb\u0131n gerek ve kurallar\u0131na uygun davran\u0131lmakla birlikte sonu\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015f ise, doktor sorumlu tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Somut olaya gelince:<\/span><\/h3>\n

Davac\u0131n\u0131n 28.01.2001 tarihinde daval\u0131 hastanede, di\u011fer daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan ameliyat edildi\u011fi, akabinde davac\u0131 da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan rahats\u0131zl\u0131kneticesi bir \u00e7ok tetkik yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, ba\u015fka bir doktor taraf\u0131ndan 11.02.2002<\/span><\/p>\n

tarihinde yap\u0131lan ikinci ameliyat sonras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan numunenin incelendi\u011fi, bunun sonucunda, \u0130T\u00dc Makine Fak\u00fcltesi Tekstil M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon Kalite Kontrol ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Laboratuar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 01.03.2002 T.li raporunda, yabanc\u0131 cisimlerle birlikte 4 adet pamuk elyaf\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yine \u0130stanbul Tabip Odas\u0131 Onur Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan 28.04.2003 tarihinde \u201c\u2026Hastan\u0131n ameliyat oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde hastanede kullan\u0131lan gazl\u0131 bezlerin s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011finde lime lime olduklar\u0131 \u0130T\u00dc raporuyla uyumlu oldu\u011fundan apseye sebep olan yabanc\u0131 caismin gazl\u0131 bez kalitesindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe veya imalat hatas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu bu nedenle de ameliyat\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren doktorun kullan\u0131lan malzeme kalitesinden sorumlu tutulamayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla ceza verilmesine mahal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u2026\u201d karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Son olarak da Y\u00fcksek Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u015euras\u0131 5\/6\/7 Eyl\u00fcl 2007 tarihli raporunda; \u201c\u2026Do\u011fru endikasyonla uygulanan birinci operasyonda hata bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ikinci operasyona gerek duyulan vakan\u0131n takip s\u00fcrecinde do\u011fru tan\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu nedenle daval\u0131 doktorun de\u011ferlendirme ve takipte yetersizlik ve \u00f6zensizli\u011fi bulundu\u011funa\u2026\u201d karar verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Her ne kadar Yerel Mahkemece direnme karar\u0131nda, davac\u0131da tespit edilen pamuk elyaf\u0131n\u0131n hangi ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunda daval\u0131 yan\u0131n kusuru bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi konular da ayr\u0131ca rapor al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fine de\u011finilmi\u015fse de; dosya i\u00e7erisinde bulunan raporlar neticesinde, davac\u0131n\u0131n karn\u0131nda pamuk elyaf\u0131n\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fi, davac\u0131 taraf\u0131n \u015fikayetlerinin daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ameliyat sonras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ameliyat yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde hastanede kullan\u0131lan gazl\u0131 bezlerin s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011finde lime lime olduklar\u0131, apseye sebep olan yabanc\u0131 cismin gazl\u0131 bez kalitesindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe veya imalat hatas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu hususlar\u0131 belirlendi\u011fine g\u00f6re, tek ba\u015f\u0131na kalitesiz malzeme kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 dahi daval\u0131 yan\u0131n kusurlu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterece\u011finden; mahkemece burada art\u0131k bilirki\u015fi incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

O halde, yerel mahkemece, daval\u0131 yan\u0131n kusurlu oldu\u011fu da g\u00f6zetilerek, davac\u0131 lehine bozma ilam\u0131nda de\u011finildi\u011fi \u00fczere, uygun bir miktar tazminata h\u00fckmedilmelidir. Mahkemece, bozma ilam\u0131nda ve yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan hususlar g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilerek \u00f6nceki kararda direnilmesi usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

SONU\u00c7: <\/span><\/h3>\n

Davac\u0131 vekilinin temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile, direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131nda yer alan ve ayr\u0131ca yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan ilave nedenlerden dolay\u0131 HUMK\u2019un 429 maddesi gere\u011fince BOZULMASINA<\/strong>, istek halinde temyiz pe\u015fin harc\u0131n\u0131n geri verilmesine, 13.04.2011 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde, oybirli\u011fi ile karar verildi.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hastan\u0131n v\u00fccudunda yabanc\u0131 cisim b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan en ciddi ihmallerden biri olup, hem hekim hem de hastane a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hukuki ve cezai sorumlulu\u011fu g\u00fcndeme getiren \u00f6nemli bir t\u0131bbi hata t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00d6ZET: Davac\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 hastanede di\u011fer daval\u0131 doktor taraf\u0131ndan ameliyat edildi\u011fi, rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devam etmesi \u00fczerine ba\u015fka bir doktor taraf\u0131ndan ikinci kez ameliyat edildi\u011fi ve birinci […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":28861,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"page-fullwidth.php","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[13714,13697,13696,13708,13715,13698,13709,13712,13711,13713,13703,13694,13704,13707,13710,13701,13702,12428,13699,13700,13695,13716,13705,13717,13706],"class_list":["post-1719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","tag-ameliyat-hatasi","tag-ameliyat-sonrasi-yabanci-cisim","tag-ameliyatta-gazli-bez-unutulmasi","tag-ameliyatta-unutulan-cisim","tag-cerrahi-mudahale-hatasi","tag-doktor-hatasi","tag-doktor-hatasina-karsi-dava","tag-doktorun-sorumlulugu","tag-hasta-haklari-ihlali","tag-hastane-kaynakli-tazminat","tag-hastaneye-tazminat-davasi","tag-hastanin-vucudunda-yabanci-cisim-birakilmasi","tag-hekim-hatasi","tag-hizmet-kusuru","tag-maddi-manevi-tazminat","tag-malpraktis-davalari","tag-saglik-calisaninin-hukuki-sorumlulugu","tag-saglik-hukuku","tag-saglikta-ihmal","tag-tibbi-hata-nedeniyle-dava","tag-tibbi-malpraktis","tag-tibbi-mudahale-sonucu-zarar","tag-tibbi-mudahalede-ozen-yukumlulugu","tag-unutulan-yabanci-cisim","tag-yargitay-malpraktis-karari"],"yoast_head":"\nHastan\u0131n 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