{"id":30080,"date":"2025-12-14T13:23:35","date_gmt":"2025-12-14T10:23:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=30080"},"modified":"2025-12-14T14:01:10","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T11:01:10","slug":"egemen-devlet-varliklarinin-suresiz-dondurulmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/de\/egemen-devlet-varliklarinin-suresiz-dondurulmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Egemen Devlet Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n S\u00fcresiz Dondurulmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Avrupa Birli\u011fi, 12 Aral\u0131k 2025 tarihinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla yakla\u015f\u0131k 210 milyar avro tutar\u0131ndaki Rusya Federasyonu\u2019na ait egemen devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcresiz olarak dondurma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tarihi ve niteliksel olarak yeni bir ad\u0131m atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k periyotlarla oybirli\u011fiyle uzat\u0131lan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar rejimi, bu kararla birlikte belirsiz s\u00fcreli ve fiilen kal\u0131c\u0131 bir karakter kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fme, klasik yapt\u0131r\u0131m hukukunun \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7en; yaln\u0131zca teknik veya idari bir d\u00fczenleme olarak de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda uluslararas\u0131 hukukun temel ilkeleriyle do\u011frudan temas eden bir k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karar\u0131n zamanlamas\u0131 da i\u00e7eri\u011fi kadar \u00f6nemlidir. ABD \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Ukrayna ba\u011flam\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bar\u0131\u015f ve m\u00fczakere giri\u015fimlerinin hemen \u00f6ncesinde al\u0131nan bu karar, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin yaln\u0131zca ekonomik de\u011fil, stratejik ve diplomatik bir mesaj verdi\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, karar s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan metaforla Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin \u201cRubicon\u2019u ge\u00e7ti\u011fi<\/em>\u201d bir e\u015fik olarak yorumlanmaktad\u0131r. Zira AB, bu ad\u0131mla birlikte yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ge\u00e7ici ve geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ara\u00e7lar oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki klasik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 fiilen terk etmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu makale, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin s\u00f6z konusu karar\u0131n\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 hukuk, AB i\u00e7 hukuku, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar hukuku, devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, tahkim ve yat\u0131r\u0131m uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 perspektiflerinden kapsaml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde incelemeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca karar\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye merkezli \u015firketler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan do\u011furabilece\u011fi \u00f6zel risk senaryolar\u0131 da uygulamaya d\u00f6n\u00fck bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar Rejiminin Hukuki \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/span><\/h3>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulama yetkisi, do\u011frudan Birli\u011fin kurucu antla\u015fmalar\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Avrupa Birli\u011fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/a>\u2019n\u0131n (TEU) 29. maddesi ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi Hakk\u0131nda Antla\u015fma<\/a>\u2019n\u0131n (TFEU) 215. maddesi, AB\u2019ye \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelere kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 tedbirler alma yetkisi tan\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede kabul edilen yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar, AB Konseyi kararlar\u0131 ve t\u00fcz\u00fckleri yoluyla ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 hale gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Geleneksel olarak AB yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, hedefli ve ge\u00e7ici nitelikte tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama\u00e7, ilgili devlet veya ki\u015fi \u00fczerinde siyasi bask\u0131 kurmak; ancak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n m\u00fczakere yoluyla kald\u0131r\u0131labilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k periyotlarla uzat\u0131lan Rusya yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 da bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n tipik bir \u00f6rne\u011fini olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. 12 Aral\u0131k 2025 karar\u0131 ise bu gelene\u011fi k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fcresiz dondurma karar\u0131, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ge\u00e7icili\u011fi ilkesini fiilen ortadan kald\u0131rmakta ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 bir hukuki duruma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmektedir. Bu durum, AB hukukunda yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n niteli\u011fine ili\u015fkin doktrinsel tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da beraberinde getirmektedir. Zira bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6nlemi, s\u00fcre s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, art\u0131k bir \u201c\u00f6nlem<\/em>\u201d olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p fiili bir m\u00fclkiyet k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Devlet Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Dondurulmas\u0131 ile M\u00fcsaderesi Aras\u0131ndaki Hukuki Ayr\u0131m<\/span><\/h3>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk bak\u0131m\u0131ndan devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dondurulmas\u0131 ile m\u00fcsaderesi aras\u0131nda temel bir ayr\u0131m bulunmaktad\u0131r. Dondurma, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmayan, ge\u00e7ici nitelikte bir tasarruf k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcsadere ise m\u00fclkiyetin kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi anlam\u0131na gelir ve \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r hukuki sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin resmi s\u00f6ylemi, h\u00e2len \u201cdondurma<\/em>\u201d kavram\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenmektedir. Ancak s\u00fcresiz dondurma karar\u0131, bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 fiilen bulan\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Zira s\u00fcresiz olarak dondurulan bir varl\u0131k, ekonomik ve hukuki anlamda fiilen kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelmektedir. Bu durum, dolayl\u0131 m\u00fcsadere (indirect expropriation) kavram\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m hukukunda dolayl\u0131 m\u00fcsadere, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n resmen devredilmemesine ra\u011fmen, ekonomik de\u011ferinin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde s\u00f6z konusu olmaktad\u0131r. Devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da benzer bir tart\u0131\u015fma ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Rusya\u2019ya ait egemen varl\u0131klar\u0131n s\u00fcresiz olarak dondurulmas\u0131, bu varl\u0131klar\u0131n ekonomik i\u015flevini tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmakta ve fiilen m\u00fcsadere etkisi do\u011furmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Devletlerin Egemenli\u011fi ve Devlet Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130lkesi<\/span><\/h3>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 hukukun temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri, devletlerin egemen e\u015fitli\u011fi ilkesidir. Bu ilkenin do\u011fal sonucu olarak, devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131 da kural olarak yabanc\u0131 devletlerin yarg\u0131 yetkisine ve cebri icra i\u015flemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 dokunulmazl\u0131\u011fa sahiptir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Devletlerin ve Mallar\u0131n\u0131n Yarg\u0131 Yetkisi Dokunulmazl\u0131klar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, bu ilkeyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. <\/span>Her ne kadar bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme evrensel olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmemi\u015f olsa da, devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde team\u00fcl hukuku niteli\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle merkez bankas\u0131 rezervleri ve egemen fonlar, dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu alanlardan biri olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

AB\u2019nin Rusya egemen varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcresiz olarak dondurmas\u0131, bu dokunulmazl\u0131k ilkesinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlamaktad\u0131r. AB, bu ad\u0131m\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 hukukun ihlaline kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nan kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler (countermeasures) kapsam\u0131nda me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ancak kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerin de orant\u0131l\u0131, ge\u00e7ici ve geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir hukuki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00fcresiz dondurma karar\u0131, bu kriterlerle ciddi bi\u00e7imde \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n Yeniden \u0130n\u015fas\u0131nda Rus Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

Son d\u00f6nemde giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenen bir tart\u0131\u015fma, dondurulan Rus varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ihtimalidir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, siyasi ve ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerce g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde savunulmaktad\u0131r. Ancak hukuki a\u00e7\u0131dan son derece problemli bir zemine oturmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dondurulmu\u015f varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir devletin yarar\u0131na kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a m\u00fcsadere anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Bu durum, yaln\u0131zca m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda devletlerin egemen e\u015fitli\u011fi ilkesinin de ihlali sonucunu do\u011furacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir ad\u0131m, uluslararas\u0131 hukukta tehlikeli bir emsal yaratma potansiyeline sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Rusya\u2019ya uygulanan bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, yar\u0131n ba\u015fka devletlere kar\u015f\u0131 da kullan\u0131labilecek bir mekanizman\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralayabilir. Bu nedenle bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u00fclkesi i\u00e7inde dahi bu y\u00f6nde ciddi hukuki \u00e7ekinceler dile getirilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Tahkim ve Yat\u0131r\u0131m Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 Boyutu<\/span><\/h3>\n

Rusya egemen varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresiz dondurulmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca devletler aras\u0131 ili\u015fkiler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil; yat\u0131r\u0131m tahkimi ve uluslararas\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmaktad\u0131r. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n veya Rus devletine ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n, \u00e7e\u015fitli ikili yat\u0131r\u0131m anla\u015fmalar\u0131 (BIT) veya \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 anla\u015fmalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tahkim yoluna gitmesi ihtimali g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez.<\/span><\/p>\n

Her ne kadar devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131 klasik anlamda yat\u0131r\u0131m korumas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalsa da, baz\u0131 durumlarda devlet kontrol\u00fcndeki fonlar veya \u015firketler yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131yla koruma talep edebilir. Ayr\u0131ca bu karar, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclke yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da dolayl\u0131 etkiler yaratabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

AB\u2019nin bu ad\u0131m\u0131, \u201csiyasi risk<\/em>\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m hukuku bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeniden tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dahi bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde m\u00fcdahaleye a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelmesi, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n hukuki g\u00fcvenlik beklentisini ciddi bi\u00e7imde zedelemektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye Merkezli \u015eirketler \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6zel Risk Senaryolar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu karar, T\u00fcrkiye merkezli \u015firketler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da dolayl\u0131 ancak ciddi riskler bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na do\u011frudan taraf olmamakla birlikte, AB ile yo\u011fun ticari ve finansal ili\u015fkileri bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/span>\u00d6zellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki senaryolar dikkatle de\u011ferlendirilmelidir:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye merkezli bir \u015firketin, Rusya ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir finansal i\u015flemde arac\u0131 konumunda olmas\u0131; AB finansal sistemiyle temas halinde olmas\u0131 halinde ikincil yapt\u0131r\u0131m risklerini g\u00fcndeme getirebilir. Ayr\u0131ca AB bankalar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcrk \u015firketleri, uyum s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde daha s\u0131k\u0131 denetimlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilir. <\/span>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de faaliyet g\u00f6steren ve Rus sermayesiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 \u015firketlerin, varl\u0131klar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik dolayl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu durum, ticari s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ifas\u0131, \u00f6deme mekanizmalar\u0131 ve finansmana eri\u015fim bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ciddi sorunlar do\u011furabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

De\u011ferlendirme ve Sonu\u00e7<\/span><\/h3>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin Rusya egemen devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcresiz olarak dondurmas\u0131, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar hukukunda niteliksel bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc temsil etmektedir. Bu ad\u0131m, yaln\u0131zca Rusya\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik bir \u00f6nlem de\u011fil; uluslararas\u0131 hukuk d\u00fczeninin temel ilkeleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da sars\u0131c\u0131 bir geli\u015fmedir. <\/span>Devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ge\u00e7icili\u011fi ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ilkeler, bu kararla birlikte ciddi bi\u00e7imde yeniden tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in bu fonlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ihtimali ise hukuki riskleri daha da derinle\u015ftirmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye merkezli \u015firketler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise bu geli\u015fme, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n co\u011frafi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n fiilen geni\u015fledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu nedenle \u015firketlerin, yaln\u0131zca T\u00fcrk hukuku de\u011fil; AB yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar hukuku ve uluslararas\u0131 finansal d\u00fczenlemeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da risk analizlerini g\u00fcncellemeleri zorunlu hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk perspektifinden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu karar, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n art\u0131k istisnai de\u011fil, yap\u0131sal bir risk alan\u0131 haline geldi\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde, devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m hukuku aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n daha da bulan\u0131kla\u015faca\u011f\u0131; hukuki \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirli\u011fin ise ciddi bi\u00e7imde s\u0131nanaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Avrupa Birli\u011fi, 12 Aral\u0131k 2025 tarihinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla yakla\u015f\u0131k 210 milyar avro tutar\u0131ndaki Rusya Federasyonu\u2019na ait egemen devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcresiz olarak dondurma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tarihi ve niteliksel olarak yeni bir ad\u0131m atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k periyotlarla oybirli\u011fiyle uzat\u0131lan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar rejimi, bu kararla birlikte belirsiz s\u00fcreli ve fiilen kal\u0131c\u0131 bir karakter kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fme, klasik yapt\u0131r\u0131m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":30081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"page-fullwidth.php","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[745,739,793,742],"tags":[21688,11051,21676,21671,21698,21702,9032,21706,21692,21700,21675,21684,21673,21708,21674,10514,21681,21697,16896,21710,21683,19006,21701,21704,20909,21686,18190,21680,21687,21677,21672,20899,21712,11094,21699,21689,21695,21694,21696,21678,21679,21685,11070,21703,408,21691,1108,21715,1109,21714,21705,21711,11135,21713,21693,21690,21709,21682,21707],"class_list":["post-30080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dis-ticaret-hukuku","category-gorusler-dusunceler","category-gorusler","category-ticaret-hukuku","tag-ab-antlasmalari","tag-ab-dis-politikasi","tag-ab-konseyi-kararlari","tag-avrupa-birligi-yaptirimlari","tag-bankacilik-yaptirimlari","tag-baris-muzakereleri","tag-bicak-hukuk-burosu","tag-cfsp","tag-compliance-riskleri","tag-devlet-dokunulmazligi-istisnalari","tag-devlet-mulkiyeti","tag-devlet-sorumlulugu","tag-devlet-varliklarinin-dondurulmasi","tag-devletler-arasi-uyusmazliklar","tag-egemen-dokunulmazlik","tag-ekonomik-yaptirimlar","tag-el-koyma-riski","tag-finansal-islemler-riski","tag-hukuki-belirsizlik","tag-hukuki-mesruiyet-tartismasi","tag-icsid","tag-ikincil-yaptirimlar","tag-jeopolitik-risk","tag-kamu-uluslararasi-hukuku","tag-kuresel-finans-sistemi","tag-merkez-bankasi-varliklari","tag-mulkiyet-hakki","tag-musadere-tartismasi","tag-rezervlerin-dondurulmasi","tag-rubicon-metaforu","tag-rusya-egemen-varliklari","tag-rusya-yaptirimlari","tag-siyasi-risk-yonetimi","tag-siyasi-yaptirimlar","tag-swift-sistemi","tag-tfeu-madde-215","tag-turk-sirketleri-icin-riskler","tag-turkiye-merkezli-sirketler","tag-ucuncu-ulke-etkileri","tag-ukrayna-savasi","tag-ukraynanin-yeniden-insasi","tag-uluslararasi-finans-hukuku","tag-uluslararasi-hukuk","tag-uluslararasi-kriz-hukuku","tag-uluslararasi-sozlesmeler","tag-uluslararasi-teamul-hukuku","tag-uluslararasi-ticaret-hukuku","tag-uluslararasi-uyum-programlari","tag-uluslararasi-yatirim-hukuku","tag-varlik-koruma","tag-yaptirim-rejimleri","tag-yaptirimlar-danismanligi","tag-yaptirimlar-hukuku","tag-yaptirimlar-stratejisi","tag-yaptirimlar-uyumu","tag-yaptirimlarin-kalicilasmasi","tag-yaptirimlarin-sinirlari","tag-yatirim-tahkimi","tag-yatirimci-korunmasi"],"yoast_head":"\nEgemen 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