{"id":24678,"date":"2023-02-12T22:14:05","date_gmt":"2023-02-12T19:14:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=24678"},"modified":"2025-12-16T16:26:53","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T13:26:53","slug":"bina-yikilma-olum-olaylari-ceza-sorumlulugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/de\/bina-yikilma-olum-olaylari-ceza-sorumlulugu\/","title":{"rendered":"Bina Y\u0131k\u0131lma \u00d6l\u00fcm Olaylar\u0131 Ceza Sorumlulu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ok say\u0131da ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi deprem olaylar\u0131nda bina enkaz\u0131yla ilgili Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131nca resen soru\u015fturma ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 rutin bir uygulamad\u0131r. Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda olay yerinde ke\u015fif yap\u0131lmas\u0131, bina enkaz\u0131ndan karot \u00f6rne\u011fi, donat\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi ve di\u011fer numunelerin bilirki\u015filer marifetiyle al\u0131nmas\u0131, soru\u015fturma dosyas\u0131 ve elde edilen numunelerin bilirki\u015fi raporu d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7in bilirki\u015filere tevdi edilmesi gerekir. Bilirki\u015fi heyeti, binan\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131nda kusur olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kusur varsa sorumlular\u0131n kim veya kimler oldu\u011fu gibi hususlarda kendilerine verilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde bilirki\u015fi raporu haz\u0131rlay\u0131p savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa teslim ederler. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruma pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ki\u015finin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131, birbirleriyle s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 olan, devredilmez ve vazge\u00e7ilmez haklardan olup devletin bu konuda pozitif ve negatif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Devletin, negatif bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak, yetki alan\u0131nda bulunan hi\u00e7bir bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131na kas\u0131tl\u0131 ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak son vermeme, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, pozitif bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak, yine yetki alan\u0131nda bulunan t\u00fcm bireylerin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 gerek kamusal makamlar\u0131n, gerek di\u011fer bireylerin, gerekse ki\u015finin kendisinin eylemlerinden kaynaklanabilecek risklere kar\u015f\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Devlet, \u00f6ncelikle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelen tehdit ve risklere kar\u015f\u0131 cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve koruyucu yasal d\u00fczenlemeler yapmal\u0131 ve bununla da yetinmeyerek gerekli idari tedbirleri almal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00f6dev bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tehlike, tehdit ve \u015fiddetten koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7erir. Bu kapsamda an\u0131lan yasal ve idari tedbirler, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ihlalleri \u00f6nlemeyi sa\u011flayacak nitelikte olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeye girebilece\u011fi her durum i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir (Any. Mah. Serpil Kerimo\u011flu ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 52).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/h3>\n

Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi, Devletin sorumlulu\u011funu gerektirebilecek \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda can kayb\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi durumlarda Devlete, \u00f6ncelikle elindeki t\u00fcm imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 kullanarak, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruma esas y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vermektedir (B. No: 2012\/752,\u00a017\/9\/2013, \u00a7 52-53).\u00a0Devletin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fu pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin bir de\u00a0usuli\u00a0y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu usul y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde devlet, do\u011fal olmayan her \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131n\u0131n sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesini ve gerekiyorsa cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecek etkili resmi bir soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fctmek durumundad\u0131r. Bu tarz bir soru\u015fturman\u0131n temel amac\u0131, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruyan hukukun etkin bir \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye almak ve kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin ya da kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaylarda, bunlar\u0131n sorumluluklar\u0131 alt\u0131nda meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcmler i\u00e7in hesap vermelerini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. (Any Mah. Mehmet Ali Emir ve di\u011ferleri, , B. no: 2012\/850, 07.11.2013)<\/span><\/p>\n

Kasten ya da sald\u0131r\u0131 veya k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleler sonucu meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm olaylar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

Usul y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir olayda gerektirdi\u011fi soru\u015fturma t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin cezai bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m gerektirip gerektirmedi\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tespiti gerekmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re, kasten ya da sald\u0131r\u0131 veya k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleler sonucu meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm olaylar\u0131na ili\u015fkin davalarda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi gere\u011fince devletin, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131 durumunda sorumlular\u0131n tespitine ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131na imk\u00e2n verebilecek nitelikte cezai soru\u015fturmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Bu t\u00fcr olaylarda, y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen idari ve hukuki soru\u015fturmalar ve davalar sonucunda sadece tazminat \u00f6denmesi, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ihlalini gidermek ve ma\u011fdur s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir\u00a0(Any. Mah. B. no: 2012\/752,\u00a017\/9\/2013, \u00a7 55).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130hmal suretiyle meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm olaylar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ancak ihmal nedeniyle meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm olaylar\u0131na ili\u015fkin davalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n benimsenmesi gerekir. Buna g\u00f6re, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n veya fiziksel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ihlaline kasten sebebiyet verilmemi\u015f ise, \u201cetkili bir yarg\u0131sal sistem kurma\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck her olayda mutlaka ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmez. Ma\u011fdurlara hukuki, idari ve hatta disiplinle ilgili hukuk yollar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 yeterli olabilir\u00a0(B. No: 2012\/752,\u00a017\/9\/2013, \u00a7 59).<\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, ihmal suretiyle meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm olaylar\u0131nda Devlet g\u00f6revlilerinin ya da kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n bu konuda muhakeme hatas\u0131n\u0131 veya dikkatsizli\u011fi a\u015fan bir ihmali oldu\u011fu, yani olas\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n fark\u0131nda olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen s\u00f6z konusu makamlar\u0131n kendilerine verilen yetkileri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek afet veya tehlikeli bir faaliyet nedeniyle olu\u015fan riskleri bertaraf etmek i\u00e7in gerekli ve yeterli \u00f6nlemleri almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, bireyler kendi inisiyatifleriyle ne gibi hukuk yollar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmu\u015f olursa olsun, insanlar\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeye girmesine neden olan ki\u015filer aleyhine hi\u00e7bir su\u00e7lamada bulunulmamas\u0131 ya da bu ki\u015filerin yarg\u0131lanmamas\u0131 17. maddenin ihlaline neden olabilir\u00a0(B. No: 2012\/752,\u00a017\/9\/2013, \u00a7 60-62).<\/span><\/p>\n

Depremde ya\u015fam\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/h3>\n

Deprem\u00a0gibi \u00f6nlenemez do\u011fal afetlerin meydana gelmesi konusunda devletlerin ya\u015fam\u0131 korumaya y\u00f6nelik y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, felaketin zararlar\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirilmesi konusunda bilimsel olarak al\u0131nmas\u0131 olanakl\u0131 tedbirlerin mali olanaklar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde al\u0131nmas\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. \u0130mar plan\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 ve arazi d\u00fczenlemeleri konusunda devletin sahip oldu\u011fu yetkilerin bu ba\u011flamda kritik bir \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011fu vurgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna ilave olarak, devlet ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 su\u00e7 sayma ve ilgilileri ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na tabi tutma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kanunsuz su\u00e7 ve ceza olmaz<\/span><\/h3>\n

Kanunsuz su\u00e7 ve ceza olmaz. Ki\u015fi hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in, hangi fiillerin su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etti\u011finin kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde belirlenmesi gerekir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla verilecek ceza ve tedbirlerle, cezaya mahk\u00fbmiyetin hukuk\u00ee sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve bu yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n s\u00fcre ve miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n da kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi zorunludur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anayasam\u0131zda da ifade edilen ve evrensel nitelikteki \u201ckanunsuz su\u00e7 ve ceza olmaz<\/em>\u201d ilkesinin gere\u011fi olarak su\u00e7lar\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve ceza hukuku yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 koyma yetkisine sadece T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi sahiptir. Yasama g\u00f6revi, devredilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir yetkidir. Bireyin madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde derin etkiler do\u011furan su\u00e7 ve cezalar\u0131n, ancak ulusal iradeyi temsil eden organ taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak kanunla d\u00fczenlenebilmesi, ki\u015fi hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine sa\u011flanan en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvencelerden birini olu\u015fturur. Temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler alan\u0131n\u0131n, kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnamelerle d\u00fczenlenememesi de, bu garantinin bir ba\u015fka ifadesidir. Ki\u015fi hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri konusunda kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararname \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmamas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan getirilen bu yasa\u011f\u0131n, idarenin di\u011fer d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu ku\u015fkusuzdur. Su\u00e7 ve ceza normu i\u00e7eren kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda k\u0131yasa ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dclkelerin su\u00e7 ve ceza siyasetine h\u00e2kim felsefe, de\u011fer ve ilkeler, o \u00fclkedeki siyas\u00ee rejimin niteli\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Nitekim tarihte ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde totaliter devletler, ideolojilerini benimsetmek ve rejimi ayakta tutmak i\u00e7in ceza kanunlar\u0131 yoluyla ki\u015fi hak \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini ya geni\u015f bi\u00e7imde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar ya da ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Demokratik hukuk devletleri ise, ceza kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlemesini, insanlar\u0131n adaletsiz ve haks\u0131z bi\u00e7imde ceza ve tedbirlere maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 ve ceza kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n keyfi uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesini temel hedef edinmi\u015flerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Olas\u0131 Kast & Bilin\u00e7li Taksir <\/span><\/h3>\n

Kural olarak su\u00e7, ancak kastla i\u015flenebilecekken, kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilen hallerde taksirle de i\u015flenebilece\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Failin cezaland\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu oldu\u011fu istisnai bir kusurluluk \u015fekli olan taksir, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK\u2019nun 22\/2. maddesinde; \u201cdikkat ve \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n, su\u00e7un yasal tan\u0131m\u0131nda belirtilen neticesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeyerek ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bilin\u00e7li Taksir<\/span><\/h3>\n

Toplumsal ya\u015famda belli faaliyetlerde bulunan kimselerin ba\u015fkalar\u0131na zarar vermemek i\u00e7in birtak\u0131m \u00f6nlemler alma ve baz\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f kurallar\u0131na uyma zorunluluklar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kurallar toplum olarak ya\u015fama mecburiyetinden do\u011fabilece\u011fi gibi, Devletin m\u00fcdahalesiyle de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Taksirli su\u00e7, bu kurallar\u0131n ihl\u00e2l edilmesi sonucu belirmekte, fail; dikkatli, tedbirli ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc davranmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan sorumlulu\u011fun nedeni, \u00f6ng\u00f6rebilme imk\u00e2n ve \u00f6devinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen, sonuca iradi bir hareketle neden olmaktan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ceza Genel Kurulunun bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretide de benimsendi\u011fi \u00fczere taksirli su\u00e7larda ayr\u0131ca aranmas\u0131 gereken unsurlar;<\/span>
\n1- Fiilin taksirle i\u015flenebilen bir su\u00e7 olmas\u0131,<\/span>
\n2- Hareketin iradi olmas\u0131,<\/span>
\n3- Sonucun istenmemesi,<\/span>
\n4- Hareket ile sonu\u00e7 aras\u0131nda nedensellik ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131,<\/span>
\n5- Sonucun \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/span>
\n\u015feklinde kabul edilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Taksirli su\u00e7larda da, gerek icrai hareketin gerekse ihm\u00e2li hareketin iradi olmas\u0131 ve meydana gelen neticenin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u0130radi bir davran\u0131\u015f bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde taksirden bahsedilemeyece\u011fi gibi, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek bir sonucun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi h\u00e2linde de failin taksirli su\u00e7tan sorumlulu\u011funa gidilemeyecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonucun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinde, ma\u011fdurun taksirli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n da etkisinin bulunmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, di\u011fer taksirli davran\u0131\u015f nedensellik ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kesmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece bu durum failin taksirli sorumlulu\u011funu ortadan kald\u0131rmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, taksirin niteli\u011fini de de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyecektir. TCK\u2019da kusurun derecelendirilmesi suretiyle herhangi bir ceza indirimi s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu h\u00e2l ancak temel cezan\u0131n tayininde dikkate al\u0131nabilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

TCK’n\u0131n 22. maddesinin gerek\u00e7esinde; „…Taksirle i\u015flenen su\u00e7lardan dolay\u0131 kusurluluk, bir de\u011ferlendirmeyle ancak olay h\u00e2kimi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131labilir. Bu nedenle, taksirden dolay\u0131 kusurlulu\u011fun matematiksel olarak ifadesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ancak, normatif de\u011ferlendirmeyle h\u00e2kim taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen kusurluluk g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmak suretiyle, su\u00e7un cezas\u0131nda belli bir oranda indirim yap\u0131labilir<\/em>\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Taksir dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kusurun belirlenmesi normatif bir de\u011ferlendirmeyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmakla birlikte, somut olayda dikkat ve \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihl\u00e2l edilip edilmedi\u011finin belirlenmesi<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bilirki\u015fi incelemesi<\/strong> yapt\u0131r\u0131labilir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Olas\u0131 Kast<\/span><\/h3>\n

Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen kriterler do\u011frultusunda; olas\u0131 kast ile bilin\u00e7li taksiri ay\u0131racak kriterleri \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. (Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu 28.05.2019 tarihli, 2018\/451 E. ve 2019\/456 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131, Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 21.05.2020 tarihli, 2018\/473 E. ve 2020\/225 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131, Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 09.09.2021 tarihli, 2019\/314 E. ve 2021\/373 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Fail; fiilinin iyi \u015fekilde sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131na (\u00f6l\u00fcm neticesinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyece\u011fine) dair hi\u00e7bir somut veri olmamas\u0131na ve tehlikelili\u011fine ra\u011fmen, eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyorsa veya \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tehlikenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini veya ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesini tesad\u00fcfe b\u0131rak\u0131yorsa kabullenme vard\u0131r. Bu durumda olas\u0131 kast g\u00fcndeme gelmektedir.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u00d6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir neticenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmayaca\u011f\u0131na dair g\u00fcven, hareket sonucu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u00fcre\u00e7te, \u00f6l\u00fcm neticesinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n akla yatk\u0131n olmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesinin mucizelere kalmas\u0131 halinde; bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle \u00f6l\u00fcm neticesine y\u00f6nelik ihtimalin derecesi artt\u0131k\u00e7a, failin \u00f6l\u00fcm neticesini kabullenmedi\u011fine dair iddias\u0131na itibar edilmeyecektir.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Failin, neticenin meydana gelebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu neticenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme imkan ve ihtimalinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hareketinden vazge\u00e7memekte ise olas\u0131 kast\u0131n\u0131n var oldu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k neticenin meydana gelme ihtimaline kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k fail hareketini yapmayacakt\u0131 diyebilece\u011fimiz hallerde, fail olas\u0131 kastla de\u011fil bilin\u00e7li taksirle hareket etmi\u015ftir diyebiliriz.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Yukar\u0131da yer verilen a\u00e7\u0131klamalar do\u011frultusunda; deprem mevzuat\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde in\u015fa edilen yap\u0131n\u0131n, bu yap\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar amac\u0131yla eksik veya hi\u00e7 denetim yapmayan denetleme firmas\u0131n\u0131n, ya\u015fanan b\u00f6lgeye uymayan, sadece \u00e7\u0131kar ve rant u\u011fruna imar plan\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan belediye karar organlar\u0131n\u0131n, deprem b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan \u015fehirde bir depremin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi durumunda; \u00f6l\u00fcm neticelerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyece\u011fi tesad\u00fcfe ve mucizeye b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm neticesinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyece\u011fine dair hi\u00e7bir somut veri ve akla uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hareketine kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalarak devam etti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilece\u011finden, faillerin olas\u0131 kastla hareket etti\u011fi iddia edilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Riskli yarg\u0131lama\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Depremde y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n m\u00fcteahhitleri, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 veren belediye personeli, isk\u00e2n ruhsat\u0131 veren belediye personeli, denetim g\u00f6revini yerine getiren yap\u0131 denetim firma yetkililerini riskli bir soru\u015fturma ve yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcreci beklemektedir. Adli i\u015flemlerin TCK md. 86, md 88 veya md. 89 kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yarg\u0131lama sonucunda verilebilecek adli para cezas\u0131 ve hapis cezas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n boyutu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan etkin bir savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131n soru\u015fturman\u0131n hemen ba\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131 hayati \u00f6nemdedir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00c7ok say\u0131da ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi deprem olaylar\u0131nda bina enkaz\u0131yla ilgili Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131nca resen soru\u015fturma ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 rutin bir uygulamad\u0131r. Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda olay yerinde ke\u015fif yap\u0131lmas\u0131, bina enkaz\u0131ndan karot \u00f6rne\u011fi, donat\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi ve di\u011fer numunelerin bilirki\u015filer marifetiyle al\u0131nmas\u0131, soru\u015fturma dosyas\u0131 ve elde edilen numunelerin bilirki\u015fi raporu d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7in bilirki\u015filere tevdi edilmesi gerekir. Bilirki\u015fi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":24680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"page-fullwidth.php","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31,205,740,206,208,741,739,793],"tags":[2953,3000,841,3002,2963,2984,2964,2962,2994,2969,2971,2970,2972,2980,2982,2981,3001,2968,3003,3020,3018,3499,2987,3497,2950,3501,2977,2975,3008,2986,3498,3500,2959,2960,2978,3019,3017,3094,3009,3093,3095,2998,2990,2989,3005,3016,3021,2996,2985,3010,2991,3012,2997,2967,3004,2988,2983,2993,2995,2961,3022,2979,3013,2999,3007,3006,3011,2976,2992,2966,2973,2965,2974,3015,3014],"class_list":["post-24678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilgilendirme","category-ceza-genel-hukuku","category-ceza-hukuku","category-ceza-muhakemesi-hukuku","category-delil-hukuku","category-delil-hukuku-3","category-gorusler-dusunceler","category-gorusler","tag-arama-kurtarma-calismalari","tag-arsa-sahibi-ceza-sorumlulugu","tag-belediye-baskani","tag-belediye-personeli-ceza-sorumlulugu","tag-belediye-yetkilileri","tag-beton-orneklerinin-kanit-olmasi","tag-bilincli-taksirle-oldurme-sucu","tag-bina-muteahhitleri","tag-carpik-kentlesme","tag-curuk-bina-yapan","tag-curuk-bina-yapilmasina-goz-yuman","tag-curuk-bina-yapilmasina-izin-veren","tag-curuk-bina-yapilmasini-denetlemeyen","tag-davalarin-dogru-duzgun-gorulmesi","tag-delillerin-muhafaza-edilmesi","tag-delillerin-toplanmasi","tag-denetim-firmasi-ceza-sorumlulugu","tag-denetim-gorevini-yerine-getiren-kisiler","tag-deprem-adli-tahkikat","tag-deprem-afad-personeli-yargilama","tag-deprem-afad-personeli-yargilamasi","tag-deprem-avukat","tag-deprem-bilincli-taksir","tag-deprem-bina-yikilma-avukat","tag-deprem-can-kaybi","tag-deprem-ceza-davasi-avukat","tag-deprem-ceza-yargilamasi","tag-deprem-defin-islemleri","tag-deprem-ihmal-ve-kusuru-olanlar","tag-deprem-olasi-kast","tag-deprem-olum-olaylari-avukat","tag-deprem-sorusturma-avukat","tag-deprem-suc-duyurusu","tag-deprem-suc-sorusturmasi","tag-deprem-suc-yargilamasi","tag-deprem-vali","tag-deprem-vali-yargilamasi","tag-depremde-yikilan-konutlar","tag-depreme-maruz-kalan-iller","tag-depremin-hukuksal-sonuclari","tag-depremzede-mirascilar","tag-dikkat-ve-ozen-yukumlulugu","tag-duzensiz-sehirlesme","tag-eksik-malzemelerle-bina-yapilmasi","tag-enkaz-altinda-kalanlar","tag-fenni-mesul-insaat-muhendisi","tag-gozaltina-alinarak-emniyete-goturuldu","tag-gunah-kecisi-muteahhit","tag-hatali-ve-hileli-insaat-yapmak","tag-hayatini-kaybeden-depremzede","tag-imar-barisi","tag-imar-kanununa-muhalefet","tag-imar-planlari","tag-iskan-ruhsati-veren-belediye","tag-kahramanmaras-merkezli-deprem","tag-kalitesiz-malzemelerle-bina-yapilmasi","tag-karot-numunesinin-alinmasi","tag-kentsel-donusum-uygulanmasi","tag-kolon-ve-kiris-ornekleri","tag-muteahhide-yurt-disina-cikis-yasagi","tag-muteahhit-gozaltina-alindi","tag-muteahhit-veli-gocer","tag-nobetci-hakimlikce-tutuklandi","tag-olasi-kast-ile-insan-oldurme","tag-olu-kimlik-tespiti","tag-olu-muayenesi","tag-taksirle-olume-sebebiyet-verme","tag-yapi-denetim-firmalari","tag-yapi-kayit-belgesi","tag-yapi-ruhsati-veren-belediye-personeli","tag-yapi-ruhsati-verenler","tag-yikilan-binalarin-muteahhitleri","tag-yurtdisina-cikis-yasagi","tag-yurtdisina-cikmak-isterken-havaalaninda-yakalandi","tag-yurtdisina-kacmaya-calisirken-yakalandi-binanin-muteahhidi-gozaltina-alindi"],"yoast_head":"\nBina 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bina yap\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6z yuman\",\"\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck bina yap\u0131lmas\u0131na izin veren\",\"\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck bina yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 denetlemeyen\",\"davalar\u0131n do\u011fru d\u00fczg\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi\",\"delillerin muhafaza edilmesi\",\"delillerin toplanmas\u0131\",\"Denetim firmas\u0131 ceza sorumlulu\u011fu\",\"denetim g\u00f6revini yerine getiren ki\u015filer\",\"deprem adli tahkikat\",\"deprem AFAD personeli yarg\u0131lama\",\"deprem AFAD personeli yarg\u0131lamas\u0131\",\"deprem avukat\",\"deprem bilin\u00e7li taksir\",\"Deprem bina y\u0131k\u0131lma avukat\",\"deprem can kayb\u0131\",\"deprem ceza davas\u0131 avukat\",\"deprem ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131\",\"deprem defin i\u015flemleri\",\"deprem ihmal ve kusuru olanlar\",\"deprem Olas\u0131 kast\",\"deprem \u00f6l\u00fcm olaylar\u0131 avukat\",\"deprem soru\u015fturma avukat\",\"Deprem su\u00e7 duyurusu\",\"deprem su\u00e7 soru\u015fturmas\u0131\",\"deprem su\u00e7 yarg\u0131lamas\u0131\",\"Deprem Vali\",\"Deprem vali yarg\u0131lamas\u0131\",\"depremde y\u0131k\u0131lan konutlar\",\"depreme maruz kalan iller\",\"depremin hukuksal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\",\"depremzede miras\u00e7\u0131lar\",\"dikkat ve \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\",\"d\u00fczensiz \u015fehirle\u015fme\",\"eksik malzemelerle bina yap\u0131lmas\u0131\",\"enkaz alt\u0131nda kalanlar\",\"fenni mesul in\u015faat m\u00fchendisi\",\"g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131narak emniyete g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\",\"g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7isi m\u00fcteahhit\",\"Hatal\u0131 ve hileli in\u015faat yapmak\",\"hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden depremzede\",\"imar bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\",\"imar kanununa muhalefet\",\"imar planlar\u0131\",\"isk\u00e2n ruhsat\u0131 veren belediye\",\"Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli deprem\",\"kalitesiz malzemelerle bina yap\u0131lmas\u0131\",\"Karot numunesinin al\u0131nmas\u0131\",\"kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm uygulanmas\u0131\",\"kolon ve kiri\u015f \u00f6rnekleri\",\"M\u00fcteahhide yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yasa\u011f\u0131\",\"M\u00fcteahhit g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\",\"m\u00fcteahhit Veli G\u00f6\u00e7er\",\"n\u00f6bet\u00e7i hakimlik\u00e7e tutukland\u0131\",\"olas\u0131 kast ile insan \u00f6ld\u00fcrme\",\"\u00f6l\u00fc kimlik tespiti\",\"\u00f6l\u00fc muayenesi\",\"taksirle \u00f6l\u00fcme sebebiyet verme\",\"yap\u0131 denetim firmalar\u0131\",\"yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi\",\"yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 veren belediye personeli\",\"yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verenler\",\"y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n m\u00fcteahhitleri\",\"yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yasa\u011f\u0131\",\"yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmak isterken havaalan\u0131nda yakaland\u0131\",\"yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken yakaland\u0131. binan\u0131n m\u00fcteahhidi g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Bilgilendirme\",\"Ceza Genel 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