{"id":19686,"date":"2020-04-23T23:04:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T20:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/?p=19686"},"modified":"2025-03-20T17:05:23","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T14:05:23","slug":"doktorlarin-corona-virus-asisi-gelistirmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/de\/doktorlarin-corona-virus-asisi-gelistirmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsan \u00dczerinde Deney Su\u00e7u ve Cezas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Korona vir\u00fcse (Covid 19) kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 ve tedavi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla g\u00fcndemde olan Hematoloji Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Erc\u00fcment Oval\u0131, 23 Nisan 2020 tarihinde saat 17.30 da canl\u0131 yay\u0131nda Habert\u00fcrk TV Yay\u0131n Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc K\u00fcr\u015fad O\u011fuz’un sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlad\u0131. Heyecanl\u0131, ekibiyle birlikte i\u015fine odaklanm\u0131\u015f, fedakar bir bilim adam\u0131 izlenimi veriyor. Corona vir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olabilecek her se\u00e7ene\u011fin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 ortada. Prof. Dr. Erc\u00fcment Oval\u0131’n\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurulara hen\u00fcz geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, b\u00fcrokrasi engeline tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. „Klasik b\u00fcrokratik yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla ve klasik mevzuat\u00e7\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla heyecanl\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131labilir mi?“ veya „Corona vir\u00fcs\u00fcyle m\u00fccadelenin gerektirdi\u011fi h\u0131za ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n heyecanlar\u0131n\u0131 kam\u00e7\u0131layacak mevzuata sahip miyiz?“ gibi s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorulara yan\u0131t olmak \u00fczere mevzuat\u0131ndaki d\u00fczenlemelerin ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusunu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan \u00dczerinde Deney Su\u00e7u<\/span><\/h3>\n

T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu<\/a> 90 maddesi „insan \u00fczerinde deney“ su\u00e7unu d\u00fczenlemektedir. Bu normatif d\u00fczenleme, olduk\u00e7a detayl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler getirmektedir.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0131p biliminin en \u00f6nemli amac\u0131 insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve hastal\u0131klara \u00e7are bulmakt\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda t\u0131p, s\u00fcrekli olarak kendini yenilemektedir. Nihai uygulama alan\u0131 insan olan bir disiplindeki geli\u015fmelerin \u00f6n\u00fc kesilemeyece\u011fi gibi, bu konudaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar tamamen kontrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 da b\u0131rak\u0131lamaz. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve hasta insanlar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lacak biyo-t\u0131bbi deney ve denemeler, kural olarak, cezaland\u0131r\u00ad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; ancak belirli \u015fartlar\u0131n bir arada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi h\u00e2linde ise, a\u00e7\u0131klanan r\u0131zaya hukuk\u00ee ge\u00e7erlilik tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDeney\u201d kavram\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201cDeney\u201d kavram\u0131, bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ilk a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir. \u201cDeneme\u201d ise bilimsel ama\u00e7l\u0131 deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\u00adn\u0131n; hen\u00fcz bir kesinli\u011fe varmasa da, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavisi konusunda ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut baz\u0131 faydalar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak hasta bir insana uygulanmas\u0131 i\u015flemi\u00addir. Her ne kadar yeni bir tedavi metodunun geli\u015ftirilmesine veya hastan\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesine hizmet etse de deney ve denemelerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinde, t\u0131bbi olarak kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6ntemlere nazaran daha kat\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131n yerine geti\u00adrilmesi gerekecektir. Bunun sebebi y\u00f6ntemin hen\u00fcz tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 ve tedavi i\u00e7in en do\u011fru metot oldu\u011funun hen\u00fcz ispatlanm\u0131\u015f olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan \u00fczerinde bilimsel deney yap\u0131lmas\u0131, prensip itibar\u0131yla su\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong> Bu su\u00e7la korunan hukuki de\u011fer; ki\u015finin ya\u015fama hakk\u0131, v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve insan onurudur. \u0130nsan\u0131 obje durumuna irca eden hi\u00e7bir davran\u0131\u015f, hukuk\u00ee himaye g\u00f6remez. Ancak, bilimsel deneyin belli ko\u00ad\u015fullar alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131, deney fiilini hukuka uygun h\u00e2le getirir.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u0131zaya Dayal\u0131 Bilimsel Deney<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130nsan \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 bilimsel deneyin ceza sorumlulu\u011funu gerektirmemesi i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekir. Bunlardan ilki, deneyle ilgili olarak yetkili kurul veya makamlardan gerekli iznin al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincisi, deneyin \u00f6ncelikle insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 deney ortam\u0131nda veya yeterli say\u0131da hayvan \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 deney ortam\u0131nda veya hayvanlar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deneyler sonucunda ula\u015f\u0131lan bilimsel verilerin, var\u0131lmak istenen hedefe ula\u015fmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bunlar\u0131n insan \u00fczerinde de yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, deneyin, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir zararl\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bir etki b\u0131rakmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Be\u015fincisi, deney s\u0131ras\u0131nda ki\u015fiye insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ac\u0131 verici y\u00f6ntemlerin uygulanmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Alt\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131, deneyle var\u0131lmak istenen amac\u0131n, bunun ki\u015fiye y\u00fckledi\u011fi k\u00fclfete ve ki\u015finin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki tehlikeye g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r basmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yedincisi, deneyin mahiyet ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yeterli bilgilendirmeye dayal\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanan r\u0131zan\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve herhangi bir menfaat teminine ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunmamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deney Yap\u0131lan Ki\u015finin \u00c7ocuk Olmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00dczerinde deney yap\u0131lan ki\u015finin \u00e7ocuk olmas\u0131 halinde, belirtilen \u015fartlara ilave olarak ba\u015fka \u015fartlar\u0131n da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerekir. Bunlardan ilki, yap\u0131lan deneyler sonucunda ula\u015f\u0131lan bilimsel verilerin, var\u0131lmak istenen hedefe ula\u015fmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar \u00fczerinde de yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincisi, r\u0131za a\u00e7\u0131klama yetene\u011fine sahip \u00e7ocu\u011fun kendi r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ana ve babas\u0131n\u0131n veya vasisinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 muvafakatinin de al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, deneyle ilgili izin verecek yetkili kurullarda \u00e7ocuk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzman\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Belirtilen ko\u015fullar\u0131n somut olayda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finin bir dene\u00adtimi gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u0131za olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hasta insanlar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan te\u00addavi ama\u00e7l\u0131 denemeler de, su\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilimsel deneyin aksine, tedavi ama\u00e7l\u0131 denemeler ancak hasta insan \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Ancak, bunun da hukuka uygun say\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in, belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekir. Bu bak\u0131mdan aranan birinci ko\u015ful, bilinen t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale y\u00f6ntemlerinin hasta \u00fczerinde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7 verme\u00adyece\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tedaviye y\u00f6nelik bir denemenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u00adrilmesi i\u00e7in bilinen t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale y\u00f6ntemlerinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n hasta \u00fczerinde uygulanmas\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fulmamaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemlerin sonu\u00e7suz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, deneme yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in yeterlidir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Keza, tedavi ama\u00e7l\u0131 dene\u00admelerin bilimsel y\u00f6ntemlere uygun olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gerekir. Bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, denemenin hukuken ge\u00e7erli r\u0131zaya dayanmas\u0131 gerekir. Ancak, hukuken ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in, a\u00e7\u0131klanan r\u0131zan\u0131n, denemenin mahi\u00adyet ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yeterli bilgilendirmeye dayal\u0131 olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve tedavinin uzman hekim taraf\u0131ndan bir hastane ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gere\u00adkir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dene\u011fin Yaralanmas\u0131 veya \u00d6lmesi <\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130nsan \u00fczerinde deney su\u00e7unun i\u015f\u00adlenmesi sonucunda ma\u011fdurun yaralanmas\u0131 veya \u00f6lmesi h\u00e2llerinde, kasten yaralama veya kasten \u00f6ld\u00fcrme su\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulan\u0131r. Ancak, hukuka uygunluk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan aranan ko\u015fullara riayet edilerek insan \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deney sonucunda belirtilen sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n meydana gelmesi h\u00e2linde ceza sorumlulu\u011fu cihetine gidilebilmesi i\u00e7in, meydana gelen netice a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ki\u015finin en az\u0131ndan taksir nedeniyle kusurunun bulunmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cezas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130nsan \u00fczerinde bilimsel bir deney yapan ki\u015fi, bir y\u0131ldan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130nsan \u00fczerinde deney su\u00e7unun bir t\u00fczel ki\u015finin fa\u00adaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015flenmesi h\u00e2linde, t\u00fczel ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda bunlara \u00f6zg\u00fc g\u00fc\u00advenlik tedbirlerine h\u00fckmolunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korona vir\u00fcse (Covid 19) kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 ve tedavi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla g\u00fcndemde olan Hematoloji Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Erc\u00fcment Oval\u0131, 23 Nisan 2020 tarihinde saat 17.30 da canl\u0131 yay\u0131nda Habert\u00fcrk TV Yay\u0131n Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc K\u00fcr\u015fad O\u011fuz’un sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlad\u0131. Heyecanl\u0131, ekibiyle birlikte i\u015fine odaklanm\u0131\u015f, fedakar bir bilim adam\u0131 izlenimi veriyor. Corona vir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olabilecek her se\u00e7ene\u011fin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":19720,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"page-fullwidth.php","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[740,739],"tags":[12443,12422,12410,12416,291,12403,12407,12421,12401,12439,12411,12419,12418,12436,12425,12432,12424,12429,12440,12414,12406,12433,12417,12404,12402,12426,12409,12430,12448,12434,12415,12412,12446,12428,12431,12441,12435,12445,12408,12420,12442,12437,12405,12438,12413,12427,12447,12423,12400,12444,309],"class_list":["post-19686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceza-hukuku","category-gorusler-dusunceler","tag-adli-tip","tag-bilimsel-arastirma-sinirlari","tag-biyomedikal-arastirmalar","tag-biyotip-sozlesmesi","tag-ceza-hukuku","tag-deney-sucu","tag-deney-yasagi","tag-deneylerin-hukuka-uygunlugu","tag-doktor","tag-doktor-sorumlulugu","tag-etik-kurallar","tag-etik-kurul-onayi","tag-gonullu-riza","tag-hasta-guvenligi","tag-hasta-haklari","tag-hastane-yonetimi","tag-hekim","tag-hekim-haklari","tag-hekim-yukumlulukleri","tag-helsinki-bildirgesi","tag-hukuki-sorumluluk","tag-ilac-arastirmalari","tag-insan-haklari-hukuku","tag-insan-haklari-ihlali","tag-insan-uzerinde-deney","tag-klinik-arastirmalar","tag-klinik-deneyler","tag-malpraktis","tag-medikal-arastirmalar","tag-medikal-etik","tag-nurnberg-kodu","tag-onayli-deneyler","tag-saglik-hizmetleri-duzenlemeleri","tag-saglik-hukuku","tag-saglik-hukuku-danismanligi","tag-saglik-hukuku-egitimi","tag-saglik-sektorunde-hukuk","tag-saglik-sigortasi-hukuku","tag-suc-ve-ceza","tag-tibbi-arastirma-kriterleri","tag-tibbi-bilirkisi","tag-tibbi-deneyler","tag-tibbi-etik","tag-tibbi-mevzuat","tag-tibbi-mudahale","tag-tibbi-sorumluluk","tag-tibbi-sozlesmeler","tag-tip","tag-tip-doktoru","tag-tip-hukuku","tag-turk-ceza-kanunu"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130nsan \u00dczerinde Deney Su\u00e7u ve Cezas\u0131 | B\u0131\u00e7ak Hukuk B\u00fcrosu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu insan \u00fczerinde deney su\u00e7u cezas\u0131 vir\u00fcs a\u015f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten t\u0131p bilim insanlar\u0131 yasal durumu Hukuk B\u00fcrosu Avukat hizmet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bicakhukuk.com\/de\/doktorlarin-corona-virus-asisi-gelistirmesi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130nsan \u00dczerinde Deney Su\u00e7u ve Cezas\u0131 %\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Korona vir\u00fcse (Covid 19) kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 ve tedavi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla g\u00fcndemde olan Hematoloji Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. 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